Tomato brown rugose fruit virus
brown rugose fruit of tomato
China, Israel, Turkey, Jordan, Europe, Mexico
CA
2023-03-15
virus
Thailand, China, Mexico, Chile, Brazil
tomato, pepper
TOBRFV
The virus has been eradicated from CA. Localized detections have been recorded in the US, but states have not been identified. It is fairly localized and has been eradicated in many countries in Europe, also.
2 Known Hosts
Capsicum annuum
pepper
uncertain
TOBRFV-1, TOBRFV-11
Pathway not proven. Seed transmission of TOBRFV in pepper seed has not been proven. Though seed detection of this tobamovirus in pepper seed has occurred and seed is a known pathway in tomato, there are no reports of ToBRFV being seed transmitted in pepper nor was any research found.
Yes
ELISA and bioassay, RT-PCR
The ISTA method is described to detect infectious tobamovirus (including Tomato brown rugose fruit virus) in tomato seed using a bioassay. NSHS utilizes this method. NSHS has recently adopted a RT-PCR method.
NSHS RT-PCR (TOBRFV-3)
TOBRFV-3, TOBRFV-4, TOBRFV-5
Chemical (seed disinfection)
No references found indicating a seed treatment specifically effective against Tomato brown rugose fruit virus in pepper. Seed disinfection for other tobamoviruses has been described.
TOBRFV-8
0000-00-00 00:00:00
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. www.pestlist.worldseed.org
OEPP/EPPO Bulletin., 2020. Tomato brown rugose fruit virus. Vol. 50. pp. 529-534
Tobamovirus Seed Health Method S. 5.1 2020. The National Seed Health System, www.seedhealth.org
International Rules for Seed Testing. Annexe to Chapter 7: Seed Health Testing Methods. 2020.
7-028: ver 1.2 Detection of infectious tobamoviruses on Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) by the local
lesion assay (indexing) on Nicotiana tabacum plants.
Naktuinbouw 2019. Laboratory analysis on Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV). (https://www.naktuinbouw.com)
Demski, J.W. 1981. Tobacco mosaic virus is seedborne in Pimiento peppers. Plant Disease, 65:723-724
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato
Yes
TOBRFV-1, TOBRFV-10, TOBRFV-11
Recent research and routine testing has confirmed that seed is a pathway for this tobamovirus and like most tobamoviruses is limited to seed coat and occasional endosperm contaminating.
Yes
ELISA and bioassay, PCR
The ISTA method is described to detect infectious tobamovirus (including Tomato brown rugose fruit virus) in tomato seed using a bioassay. NSHS has recently adopted a RT-PCR method.
NSHS RT-PCR (NSHS)
TOBRFV-3, TOBRFV-4, TOBRFV-5
Chemical (seed disinfection)
Seed disinfection with hydrochloric acids and sodium hypochlorites are effective in controlling this virus on seed. These methods are similar to methods used for all tobamovirus control on seed.
TOBRFV-6, TOBRFV-7, TOBRFV-10
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. www.pestlist.worldseed.org
Davino, S., et.al., 2020. Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus: Seed Transmission Rate and Efficacy of Different Seed Disinfection Treatments. Plants 9: 1615; https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1615/htm.
OEPP/EPPO Bulletin., 2020. Tomato brown rugose fruit virus. Vol. 50. pp. 529-534
Tobamovirus Seed Health Method S. 5.1 2020. The National Seed Health System, www.seedhealth.org
International Rules for Seed Testing. Annexe to Chapter 7: Seed Health Testing Methods. 2020.
7-028: ver 1.2 Detection of infectious tobamoviruses on Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) by the local
lesion assay (indexing) on Nicotiana tabacum plants.
Naktuinbouw 2019. Laboratory analysis on Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV). (https://www.naktuinbouw.com)
Alexander, L.J. 1960. Inactivation of tobacco mosaic virus from tomato seed. Phytopathology 50: 627.
Gooding, G.V. 1975. Inactivation of Tobacco mosaic virus on tomato seed with trisodium orthophosphate and sodium hypochlorite. Plant Dis. Rptr. 59: 770-772.
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