Tomato yellow leaf curl virus
leaf curl
Tomato yellow leaf curl begomovirus, Tomato leaf curl bigeminivirus, Tomato leaf curl geminivirus, Tomato leaf curl Oman virus, Tomato yellow leaf curl Gezira virus, TYLCV
Worldwide
AL, AZ, CA, FL, GA, HI, KY, LA, MS, NY, NC, OK, SC, TN, TX
2025-08-01
virus
Korea
Main: tomato; Other: pepper, common bean, cowpea
TYLCV0
Several strains of Tomato yellow curl virus are known. Strains tend to be isolated to certain regions of the world. Whitefly transmitted geminivirus. Geminiviruses are usually not seed transmitted.
2 Known Hosts
Capsicum annuum
pepper
uncertain
TYLCV0-1, TYLCV0-2, TYLCV0-3, TYLCV0-5, DPV WEB, TYLCV0-6, TYLCV0-14, TYLCV0-15
Pepper is considered a weak host for Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, as infected plants exhibit no symptoms and have low virus levels. While one study suggested possible seed transmission, it relied on experimental clones and lacked proper controls, making the findings questionable. Overall, there’s no strong evidence that pepper seed is a pathway for this virus in pepper, and whiteflies remain the primary vector.
Yes
PCR
Biological, Chemical, and Cultural
There are various means for eliminating and controlling the B. tabaci vector through insecticides, IPM programs, and using resistant varieties.
TYLCV0-1, CABI CPC, DPV WEB, TYLCV0-7
2025-08-01 10:50:22
Kil, E., Park, J., Choi, E., Byun, H., Lee, K., An, C., Lee, J., Lee, G., Choi, H., Kim, C., Kim, J., & Lee, S. (2017). Seed transmission of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum). European Journal of Plant Pathology, 150(3), 759-764.
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Czosnek H., 1999. Tobacco leaf curl virus. Datasheet 368. Description of Plant Viruses; www.dvpweb.net.
Kil, E., Kim, S., Lee, Y., Byun, H., Park, J., Seo, H., Kim, C., Shim, J., Lee, J., Kim, J., Lee, K., Choi, H., & Lee, S. 2016. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV-IL): a seed-transmissible geminivirus in tomatoes. Scientific Reports, 6:1-10.
Description of Plant Viruses ; http://dpvweb.net/dpv/
Polston, J.E., Cohen, L., Sherwood, T.A., Ben-Joseph, R. and Lapidot, M. (2006). Capsicum species: Symptomless hosts and reservoirs of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus. Phytopathology 96:447-452
Morilla, G., Janssen, D., Garcia-Andres, S., Moriones, E., Cuadrado, I.M. and Bejarano, E.R. (2005). Pepper (Capsicum annuum) is a dead-end host for Tomato yellow leaf curl virus. Phytopathology 95, 1089-1097.
Reina, J., Morilla, G., Bejarano, E.R., Rodriquez, M.D. and Janssen, D. (1999). First report of Capsicum annuum plants infected by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus. Plant Disease 83:1176.
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Salati, R., Nahkla, M.K., Rojas, M.R., Guzman, P., Jaquez, J., Maxwell, D.P. and Gilbertson, R.L. (2002). Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in the Dominican Republic: Characterization of an infectious clone, virus monitoring in whiteflies, and identification of reservoir hosts. Phytopathology 92: 487-496.
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato
uncertain
TYLCV0-2, TYLCV0-3, TYLCV0-4, TYLCV0-5, TYLCV0-7, TYLCV0-9, TYLCV0-10, TYLCV0-8, TYLCV0-11
There’s conflicting evidence on whether Tomato yellow leaf curl virus is truly seed-transmitted in tomato. A few studies found the virus in seedlings from infected seeds, but didn’t confirm if the virus was actually infectious or rule out whitefly contamination. Larger, more controlled trials showed no seed transmission, even with heavily infected or treated seed lots. The virus can be present on or in seeds, mainly on the seed coat; however, the primary way it spreads is through whiteflies or grafting.
yes
PCR
TYLCV0-1, TYLCV0-9
Biological, chemical, cultural
There are various means for eliminating and controlling the B. tabaci vector through insecticides, IPM programs, and using resistant varieties.
TYLCV0-1, CABI CPC
2025-08-01 10:50:18
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Czosnek H., 1999. Tobacco leaf curl virus. Datasheet 368. Description of Plant Viruses; www.dvpweb.net.
Pérez-Padilla, V., Fortes, I., Romero-Rodríguez, B., Arroyo-Mateos, M., Castillo, A., Moyano, C., De León, L., & Moriones, E. 2020. Revisiting Seed Transmission of the Type Strain of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Tomato Plants.. Phytopathology, 110:121-129.
Kil, E., Kim, S., Lee, Y., Byun, H., Park, J., Seo, H., Kim, C., Shim, J., Lee, J., Kim, J., Lee, K., Choi, H., & Lee, S. 2016. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV-IL): a seed-transmissible geminivirus in tomatoes. Scientific Reports, 6:1-10.
Salati, R., Nahkla, M.K., Rojas, M.R., Guzman, P., Jaquez, J., Maxwell, D.P. and Gilbertson, R.L. (2002). Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in the Dominican Republic: Characterization of an infectious clone, virus monitoring in whiteflies, and identification of reservoir hosts. Phytopathology 92: 487-496.
Tabein, S., Miozzi, L., Matić, S., Accotto, G.P. and Noris, E., 2021. No evidence for seed transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus in tomato. Cells, 10(7), p.1673.
Chang, H.H., Gustian, D., Chang, C.J. and Jan, F.J., 2022. Seed and pollen transmission of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, tomato leaf curl Taiwan virus, and tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus in cucumbers and tomatoes. Plant Disease, 107(7), pp.2002-2008.
Moriones, E. and Navas-Castillo, J., 2000. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, an emerging virus complex causing epidemics worldwide. Virus research, 71(1-2), pp.123-134.
Picó, B., Díez, M.J. and Nuez, F., 1996. Viral diseases causing the greatest economic losses to the tomato crop. II. The Tomato yellow leaf curl virus—A review. Scientia Horticulturae, 67(3-4), pp.151-196.
Kil, E., Park, J., Choi, E., Byun, H., Lee, K., An, C., Lee, J., Lee, G., Choi, H., Kim, C., Kim, J., & Lee, S. (2017). Seed transmission of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum). European Journal of Plant Pathology, 150(3), 759-764.
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
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