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Phaeocytostroma ambiguum (stalk and root rot )
Phaeocytostroma ambiguum
stalk and root rot
Phaeocytosporella zeae, Sphaeropsis ambigua, Phaeocytostroma istrica
Europe: Hungary, Portugal, Spain; Oceania: Australia; South America: Brazil.
Not known to occur
2025-12-26
fungus
Thailand
corn
PHCSAM
Phaeocytostroma ambiguum is a maize-specific fungus that causes stalk and root lesions, typically at or below ground level, characterized by straw-colored tissue with dark margins and elongated black pycnidia. It is generally regarded as a weak or minor stalk-rotting pathogen and is not known to cause economically significant damage.
Crops
Zea mays
corn
uncertain
PHCSAM-2, CABI CPC, PHCSAM-3, PHCSAM-4, PHCSAM-5, PHCSAM-6, PHCSAM-7, PHCSAM-8, PHCSAM-9
Seed infection has been reported only through artificial inoculation in experimental conditions. There is no evidence that Phaeocytostroma ambiguum is naturally seed-transmitted in corn.
Yes
Grow out
Grow outs were used in research. This method has not been validated or standardized.
PHCSAM-2
2025-12-26 14:59:45
PHCSAM-2
McGee, DC. 1988. Maize Diseases: A reference Source for Seed Technologists. APS Press, St. Paul, MN USA. 150 pp.
CABI CPC
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
PHCSAM-3
Christensen, J. J., and Wilcoxson, R. D. 1966. Stalk Rot of Corn. Monogr. 3. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.
PHCSAM-4
Munkvold, G. P., & White, D. G. (2016). Back Matter. In Compendium of Corn Diseases, Fourth Edition (pp. 147-165). The American Phytopathological Society.
PHCSAM-5
Lamprecht, S.C., Crous, P.W., Groenewald, J.Z., Tewoldemedhin, Y.T. and Marasas, W.F., 2011. Diaporthaceae associated with root and crown rot of maize. IMA fungus, 2(1), pp.13-24.
PHCSAM-6
Bobev, S.G., Van Poucke, K. and Maes, M., 2016. First report of Phaeocytostroma ambiguum causing root and stem base rot on maize in Bulgaria. Plant Disease, 100(6), pp.1237-1237.
PHCSAM-7
Stovold, G.E., Newfield, A. and Priest, M.J., 1996. Root and stalk rot of maize caused by Phaeocytostroma ambiguum recorded for the first time in New South Wales. Australasian Plant Pathology, 25(1), pp.50-54.
PHCSAM-8
Aguiar, F. M., Lanza, F. E., Costa, R. V., Silva, D. D., Lana, U. G. P., Guimarães, E. A., ... & Cota, L. V. (2016). First report of Phaeocytostroma ambiguum causing maize stalk rot in Brazil. Plant Disease, 100(12), 2528-2528.
PHCSAM-9
de la Riva, A., García-Carneros, A. B., & Molinero-Ruiz, L. (2020). First report of stalk rot of maize caused by Phaeocytostroma ambiguum in the Iberian Peninsula. Plant Disease, 104(4), 1255-1255.
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