Cochliobolus cynodontis
browning of bermuda grass
Bipolaris cynodontis, Drechslera cynodontis, Helminthsporuim cynodontis
Asia: Bangladesh, India, Iran, Taiwan; North America: USA; South America: Brazil, Chile.
MS
2025-12-11
fungus
Korea
Grasses: Bermuda grass, ryegrass, pearl millet, Johnson grass
COCHCY
Cochliobolus cynodontis is a foliar pathogen primarily of bermudagrass, causing leaf spots and blight under warm, humid conditions. It spreads through conidia, plant debris, and moisture-driven dispersal.
Crops
Cynodon dactylon
bermuda grass
No
COCHCY-2, COCHCY-3, COCHCY-4, COCHCY-5, COCHCY-6, COCHCY-7
Cochliobolus cynodontis causes leaf spots in Bermuda grass that occasionally lead to thinning under favorable conditions. It spreads by conidia from splashing water, wind, equipment, and infected debris, with the disease favored by warm temperatures, high humidity or leaf wetness, and turf stress. Although one report notes seed transmission in a different grass (Coix lachryma-jobi), no references indicate seed as a pathway for bermudagrass, where the fungus is generally a minor.
2025-12-11 08:12:34
Farr, D.F. and Rossman, A.Y. Fungal Databases, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. 2019, http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/
Manamgoda, D.S., Rossman, A.Y., Castlebury, L.A., Crous, P.W., Madrid, H., Chukeatirote, E., and Hyde, K.D. 2014. The genus Bipolaris. Stud. Mycol. 79: 221-288.
Kim JS and Duhyung L., 2014. Seed transmission of Bipolaris coicis, B. cynodontis, B. maydis and Curvularia lunata causing leaf blight of Job's tears. Korean Journ. of Plant Path.14:287-293
Farias CR, Afonfo AP, Brandão M, and Pierobom C. 2011. Regional survey and identification of Bipolarisspp. associated with rice seeds in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Cienc. Rural 41 http://www.scielo.br
Pratt, R. G. (2001). Occurrence and virulence of Bipolaris hawaiiensis on bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) on poultry waste application sites in Mississippi. Plant Disease, 85(11), 1206-1206.
Penn State Turfgrass Pest Diagnostic Lab. (n.d.). Bipolaris leaf spots. Pennsylvania State University. Retrieved December 11, 2025, from https://turfpestlab.psu.edu/pest-profiles/bipolaris-leaf-spots/
Hordeum vulgare
barley
No
No references found indicating that barley seed is a pathway.
2025-12-11 08:09:09
Oryza sativa
rice
uncertain
COCHCY-2, COCHCY-3, COCHCY-5
One reference from Brazil found the pathogen on seed samples in laboratory tests. Other references speculated seed as a source without data. Seed as a pathway after seed cleaning and conditioning is not known. The pathogen does not cause serious disease or losses on any host. Also, it is often a secondary invader.
Yes
Blotter incubation
The method used was adapted from other seed test methods for rice fungi. Method has not be validated or standardized for this pathogen. Seed has not been proven as a pathway.
COCHCY-5
Seed as a pathway after seed cleaning and conditioning is not known.
2025-12-11 08:11:22
Farr, D.F. and Rossman, A.Y. Fungal Databases, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. 2019, http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/
Manamgoda, D.S., Rossman, A.Y., Castlebury, L.A., Crous, P.W., Madrid, H., Chukeatirote, E., and Hyde, K.D. 2014. The genus Bipolaris. Stud. Mycol. 79: 221-288.
Farias CR, Afonfo AP, Brandão M, and Pierobom C. 2011. Regional survey and identification of Bipolarisspp. associated with rice seeds in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Cienc. Rural 41 http://www.scielo.br
Secale cereale
rye
No
No references found indicating that rye seed is a pathway.
2025-12-11 08:09:33
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum
No
No references found indicating that sorghum seed is a pathway.
2025-12-11 08:09:51
Triticum aestivum
wheat
No
No references found indicating that wheat seed is a pathway.
2025-12-11 08:10:06
Zea mays
corn
No
No references found indicating that corn seed is a pathway.
2025-12-11 08:10:24
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