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Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii (bacterial blight )
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii
bacterial blight
Xanthomonas campestris pv. alli
Africa: Mauritius, Reunion, South Africa; Asia: Japan, Myanmar; North America: Barbados, Cuba, Saint Kitts and Nevis, USA; South America: Brazil, Venezuela.
CA, CO, GA, HI, TX
2025-07-14
bacterium
Korea
Main: onion, shallot, leek, garlic
XANTAA
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii causes leaf blight in Allium species. It is primarily seed-transmitted but can also spread through infected transplants, crop debris, and water splash from rain or irrigation.
1 Known Hosts
Allium cepa
onion
Yes
XANTAA-4, CABI CPC, ISF RPLD, EPPO, XANTAA-6
Seed is known to be a pathway.
Yes
Seed wash/liquid plating, Bio-PCR
Selective media and a BIO-PCR methods described. No validated or commercial seed assay available. PCR is an indirect way of testing (no isolation of the pathogen) and does not distinguish between viable and non-viable pathogen.
XANTAA-4, XANTAA-5, ISF RPLD
cultural
No seed treatments known to be effective. Control of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii relies on an integrated approach: using healthy seeds and bulbs, destroying volunteer onions and plant debris, implementing crop rotations, and applying chemical controls. These measures are most effective when used in combination.
ISF RPLD, EPPO
2025-07-15 16:10:04
XANTAA-4
Roumagnac, P., Gagnevin, L., and Pruvost, O. 2000. Detection of Xanthomonas sp., the causal agent of onion bacterial blight, in onion seeds using a newly developed semi-selective isolation medium. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 106:867-877.
CABI CPC
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
ISF RPLD
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
EPPO
OEPP/EPPO Global Database - European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
XANTAA-6
Gagnevin L, Bolot S, Gordon JL, Pruvost O, Vernière C, Robène I, Arlat M, Noël LD, Carrère S, Jacques MA, Koebnik R. Draft Genome Sequence of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii Strain CFBP 6369. Genome Announc. 2014 Jul 31;2(4):e00727-14. doi: 10.1128/genomeA.00727-14. PMID: 25081256; PMCID: PMC4118059.
XANTAA-5
Robene-Soustrade, I., Legrand, D., Gagnevin, L., Chiroleu, F., Laurent, A. and Pruvost, O. 2010. Multiplex nested PCR for detection of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii from onion seeds. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 76:2697-2703.
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