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Plenodomus lindquistii (black stem of sunflower )
Plenodomus lindquistii
black stem of sunflower
Phoma macdonalii, Leptosphaeria lindquistii
France, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, Argentina, Sri Lanka, China, Yugoslavia
MN, GA, HI, ND
2021-05-04
fungus
China, Korea
sunflower
LEPTLI
This pathogen is known to occur in China (LEPTLI-1). Korea listed this pathogen as Leptosphaeria spp. This pathogen probably occurs wherever sunflower is cultivated.
1 Known Hosts
Helianthus annuus
sunflower
Yes
LEPTLI-2, LEPTLI-4, LEPTLI-5
Seed is a pathway, though it is minor compared to debris and rain splash and insects.
Yes
Blotter incubation, agar plating
These tests have not been standardized or validated.
LEPTLI-2, LEPTLI-5
Fungicide seed treatments
Fungicides may contribute to the relative minor importance of seed as a pathway. Seed conditioning and removal of debris. Cultural practices help in controlling black stem.
LEPTLI-5, LEPTLI-6
LEPTLI-2
Luo, Wu, Liu, Liao, Liu, Zhang and Huang. 2011. Detection and identification of Phoma macdonaldii in sunflower seeds imported from Argentina. Australasian Plant Pathol. 40:504–509.
LEPTLI-4
Schwartz, HF and Markell, SG. 2016. Phoma Black Stem. In, Compendium of Sunflower Diseases and Pests. Harveson RM, Markell, SG. Block, CC and Gulya, TJ, eds. American Phytopathogical Society, St. Paul, MN, USA
LEPTLI-5
Masirevic SN, Medic-Pap SS,Terzic AN, Dedic BP, Balalic ID, 2014. Phoma macdonaldi on seed and its importance in etiology of Phoma black stem in sunflower. http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0352-4906/2014/0352-49061426057M.pdf
LEPTLI-6
Debaekea, P, and Peres, A. 2003. Influence of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) crop management on Phoma black stem (Phoma macdonaldii Boerema). Crop Protection 22: 741–752
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