Arabis mosaic virus
hop bare bine
Arabis mosaic nepovirus, Ash ring and line pattern virus, forsythia yellow net virus, hop nettlehead virus, jasmine yellow blotch virus, raspberry yellow dwarf virus, Rhabarber mosaik virus (rhubarb mosaic virus), rhubarb mosaic virus
Africa: Egypt, South Africa; Asia: India, Iran, Japan, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey; Europe: Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK; North America: Canada, Mexico, USA; Oceania: Australia, New Zealand; South America: Chile, Peru
CT, FL, MI, MN, MO, NE, NY, OH, SC
2025-09-11
virus
Mexico, China, Korea, Brazil, Thailand
Wide host range including many vegetable, agronomic and fruit species. Main: celery, asparagus, sugarbeet, cucumber, carrot, lettuce, clover.
ARMV00
Arabis mosaic virus is a virus in the genus Nepovirus that infects a wide range of crops. It is transmitted mainly by the nematode Xiphinema diversicaudatum in soil and through infected planting material, with mechanical transmission possible. A heavily cited report from 1967 suggests seed transmission in some species, but no further evidence has been found since.
11 Known Hosts
Alstroemeria
inca lily
No
CABI CPC, EPPO, ARMV00-10, ARMV00-14
Arabis mosaic virus in Inca lily has been associated with severe foliar symptoms and plant stunting, especially in plants also infected with Lily mottle virus (LMoV). Since most lilies are propagated vegetatively, infected bulbs can carry the virus and transmit it to subsequent generations. Transmission can also occur mechanically through sap; however, it is primarily spread in soil by nematodes. No references found indicating seed is a pathway.
2025-09-11 16:25:22
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
OEPP/EPPO Global Database - European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
Baker, R., Bragard, C., Candresse, T., Gilioli, G., Grégoire, J. C., Holb, I., ... & van der Werf, W. (2013). Scientific opinion on the risk to plant health posed by Arabis mosaic virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Tomato black ring virus to the EU territory with the identification and evaluation of risk reduction options. EFSA JOURNAL, 11(10), 1-83.
Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., Xie, Z., Wang, R., Guo, Z., & He, Y. (2020). Rapid detection of Lily mottle virus and Arabis mosaic virus infecting lily (Lilium spp.) using reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification. The Plant Pathology Journal, 36(2), 170.
Apium graveolens
celery
No
ARMV00-3, ARMV00-5, CABI CPC, ARMV00-9, ARMV00-12
Arabis mosaic virus has been reported in celery, where it can cause mosaic and stunting symptoms. The virus is transmitted by nematodes and may also persist in vegetative propagation material, though it is not considered a major pathogen of celery. No evidence was found indicating that celery seed is a pathway.
2025-09-09 16:06:22
Murant. 1983. Seed and Pollen Transmission of Nematode-borne viruses. Seed Sci and Technol. 11:973-987
Lister and Murant. 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Harrison, B. D., & Winslow, R. D. (1961). Laboratory and field studies on the relation of arabis mosaic virus to its nematode vector Xiphinema diversicaudatum (Micoletzky). Annals of Applied Biology, 49(4), 621-633.
Mossop, D. W., Fry, P. R., & Young, B. R. (1983). New plant disease records in New Zealand: arabis mosaic virus in celery, lettuce, and Chinese cabbage; tomato spotted wilt virus in celery. New Zealand journal of agricultural research, 26(2), 257-259.
Beta vulgaris
table beet, swiss chard
No
ARMV00-3, ARMV00-4, ARMV00-5, ARMV00-10
There is no evidence that seed is a pathway in Beta vulgaris crops. Transmission occurs through nematodes or other infected plant materials.
2025-09-11 16:38:34
Murant. 1983. Seed and Pollen Transmission of Nematode-borne viruses. Seed Sci and Technol. 11:973-987
Mandahar, CL. 1981. Virus Transmission through seed and pollen. In, Plant Diseases and Vectors, Maramorosch, K and Harris, KF, ed. Acedemic Press.
Lister and Murant. 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Baker, R., Bragard, C., Candresse, T., Gilioli, G., Grégoire, J. C., Holb, I., ... & van der Werf, W. (2013). Scientific opinion on the risk to plant health posed by Arabis mosaic virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Tomato black ring virus to the EU territory with the identification and evaluation of risk reduction options. EFSA JOURNAL, 11(10), 1-83.
Brassica oleracea vars.
cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts
No
ARMV00-5, CABI CPC, DPV WEB, ARMV00-10
Arabis mosaic virus is not commonly reported as a natural pathogen of Brassica oleracea. While the species has been shown to be susceptible under experimental inoculation, there are no records of natural field infections.
2025-09-11 17:03:09
Lister and Murant. 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Description of Plant Viruses ; http://dpvweb.net/dpv/
Baker, R., Bragard, C., Candresse, T., Gilioli, G., Grégoire, J. C., Holb, I., ... & van der Werf, W. (2013). Scientific opinion on the risk to plant health posed by Arabis mosaic virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Tomato black ring virus to the EU territory with the identification and evaluation of risk reduction options. EFSA JOURNAL, 11(10), 1-83.
Cucumis sativus
cucumber
Not a host
ARMV00-5, ARMV00-10
No references found indicating cucumber as a host of Arabis mosaic virus.
2025-09-09 16:05:22
Lister and Murant. 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Baker, R., Bragard, C., Candresse, T., Gilioli, G., Grégoire, J. C., Holb, I., ... & van der Werf, W. (2013). Scientific opinion on the risk to plant health posed by Arabis mosaic virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Tomato black ring virus to the EU territory with the identification and evaluation of risk reduction options. EFSA JOURNAL, 11(10), 1-83.
Cucurbita spp.
squash, gourd, pumpkin
No
ARMV00-3, ARMV00-5, CABI CPC, ARMV00-10
No evidence was found indicating that Cucurbita spp. seed is a pathway for Arabis mosaic virus.
2025-09-09 16:10:11
Murant. 1983. Seed and Pollen Transmission of Nematode-borne viruses. Seed Sci and Technol. 11:973-987
Lister and Murant. 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Baker, R., Bragard, C., Candresse, T., Gilioli, G., Grégoire, J. C., Holb, I., ... & van der Werf, W. (2013). Scientific opinion on the risk to plant health posed by Arabis mosaic virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Tomato black ring virus to the EU territory with the identification and evaluation of risk reduction options. EFSA JOURNAL, 11(10), 1-83.
Daucus carota
carrot
Not a host
ARMV00-2, ARMV00-5, ARMV00-10
No references found indicating carrot seed as a host of Arabis mosaic virus.
2025-09-09 16:09:20
Neergaard, P. 1977. Seed Pathology Vol. 1. The MacMiilian Press.
Lister and Murant. 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Baker, R., Bragard, C., Candresse, T., Gilioli, G., Grégoire, J. C., Holb, I., ... & van der Werf, W. (2013). Scientific opinion on the risk to plant health posed by Arabis mosaic virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Tomato black ring virus to the EU territory with the identification and evaluation of risk reduction options. EFSA JOURNAL, 11(10), 1-83.
Glycine max
soybean
uncertain
ARMV00-3, ARMV00-4, ARMV00-5, CABI CPC, DPV WEB, ARMV00-10
The seed transmission pathway for Arabis mosaic virus in soybean is uncertain. Early studies by Lister and Murant involved only artificially inoculated plants, with no evidence of natural seed transmission. Mandahar notes that even in other crops, seed transmission under field conditions is uncommon. Overall, the available information is limited and somewhat conflicting, and soybean seed has not been shown to transmit the virus under natural conditions.
2025-09-11 17:26:48
Murant. 1983. Seed and Pollen Transmission of Nematode-borne viruses. Seed Sci and Technol. 11:973-987
Mandahar, CL. 1981. Virus Transmission through seed and pollen. In, Plant Diseases and Vectors, Maramorosch, K and Harris, KF, ed. Acedemic Press.
Lister and Murant. 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Description of Plant Viruses ; http://dpvweb.net/dpv/
Baker, R., Bragard, C., Candresse, T., Gilioli, G., Grégoire, J. C., Holb, I., ... & van der Werf, W. (2013). Scientific opinion on the risk to plant health posed by Arabis mosaic virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Tomato black ring virus to the EU territory with the identification and evaluation of risk reduction options. EFSA JOURNAL, 11(10), 1-83.
Lactuca sativa
lettuce
uncertain
ARMV00-3, ARMV00-4, ARMV00-5, ARMV00-6, CABI CPC, DPV WEB, ARMV00-10, ARMV00-12
Arabis mosaic virus has been reported on lettuce seed in some surveys, but evidence for natural seed transmission is lacking. Murant lists the virus as seed-borne without presenting supporting data. Mandahar concluded that seed transmission in the field is uncommon. Walkey demonstrated seed transmission only under artificial inoculation conditions, providing no evidence that lettuce seed acts as a pathway in nature; therefore, the role of seed in transmission remains uncertain.
2025-09-11 17:34:40
Murant. 1983. Seed and Pollen Transmission of Nematode-borne viruses. Seed Sci and Technol. 11:973-987
Mandahar, CL. 1981. Virus Transmission through seed and pollen. In, Plant Diseases and Vectors, Maramorosch, K and Harris, KF, ed. Acedemic Press.
Lister and Murant. 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Walkey, 1967. Seed Transmission of Arabis Mosaic Virus in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Plant Dis. Rept. 883-884
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Description of Plant Viruses ; http://dpvweb.net/dpv/
Baker, R., Bragard, C., Candresse, T., Gilioli, G., Grégoire, J. C., Holb, I., ... & van der Werf, W. (2013). Scientific opinion on the risk to plant health posed by Arabis mosaic virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Tomato black ring virus to the EU territory with the identification and evaluation of risk reduction options. EFSA JOURNAL, 11(10), 1-83.
Mossop, D. W., Fry, P. R., & Young, B. R. (1983). New plant disease records in New Zealand: arabis mosaic virus in celery, lettuce, and Chinese cabbage; tomato spotted wilt virus in celery. New Zealand journal of agricultural research, 26(2), 257-259.
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato
uncertain
ARMV00-3, ARMV00-4, ARMV00-5, DPV WEB, ARMV00-9, ARMV00-10, ARMV00-13, ARMV00-15
Seed as a pathway for Nepovirus arabis in tomato is uncertain. Limited evidence comes from Lister and Murant, who detected the virus in 4 out of 227 seedlings from a single tomato cultivar grown from seeds harvested from mechanically inoculated plants. These experiments were not repeated with naturally infected seeds or other tomato cultivars, and no additional references indicate seed transmission in tomato. Based on the uncertain pathway criteria, the available data are limited, derived from artificial inoculation only, and not confirmed under natural conditions.
2025-09-11 17:40:16
Murant. 1983. Seed and Pollen Transmission of Nematode-borne viruses. Seed Sci and Technol. 11:973-987
Mandahar, CL. 1981. Virus Transmission through seed and pollen. In, Plant Diseases and Vectors, Maramorosch, K and Harris, KF, ed. Acedemic Press.
Lister and Murant. 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Description of Plant Viruses ; http://dpvweb.net/dpv/
Harrison, B. D., & Winslow, R. D. (1961). Laboratory and field studies on the relation of arabis mosaic virus to its nematode vector Xiphinema diversicaudatum (Micoletzky). Annals of Applied Biology, 49(4), 621-633.
Baker, R., Bragard, C., Candresse, T., Gilioli, G., Grégoire, J. C., Holb, I., ... & van der Werf, W. (2013). Scientific opinion on the risk to plant health posed by Arabis mosaic virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Tomato black ring virus to the EU territory with the identification and evaluation of risk reduction options. EFSA JOURNAL, 11(10), 1-83.
Massumi, H., Shaabanian, M., Pour, A. H., Heydarnejad, J., & Rahimian, H. (2009). Incidence of viruses infecting tomato and their natural hosts in the southeast and central regions of Iran. Plant disease, 93(1), 67-72.
Komorowska, B., Hasiów‐Jaroszewska, B. and Budzyńska, D., 2021. Genetic variability and molecular evolution of arabis mosaic virus based on the coat protein gene sequence. Plant Pathology, 70(9), pp.2197-2206.
Spinacia oleracea
spinach
Not a host
ARMV00-5, ARMV00-11
No references found indicating spinach seed as a host of Arabis mosaic virus.
2025-09-09 16:08:02
Lister and Murant. 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Murant, A.F. (1985). Arabis mosaic nepovirus. In: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 16th January 1997.
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