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Diaporthe phaseolorum var. meridionalis (southern stem canker, stem canker, soybean stem canker )
Diaporthe phaseolorum var. meridionalis
southern stem canker, stem canker, soybean stem canker
Diaporthe aspalathi
Africa: Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania; Europe: Italy; North America: USA; South America: Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay
AL, AR, FL, GA, IN, LA, MS, MO, SC, TN, TX, WI
2025-11-20
fungus
China
Main: soybean
DIAPAS
Diaporthe phaseolorum var. meridionalis is a fungal pathogen that causes soybean stem canker, producing stem lesions, yellowing, wilting, and yield loss. It primarily survives on infected soybean debris. It also spreads via rain splash or by wind. Spores can germinate and infect plants within 4–18 hours under moist conditions. Although seed infection is usually below 2%, infected seeds are a key source of initial infection and have contributed to the disease’s spread in regions with intensive soybean production.
Crops
Glycine max
soybean
Yes
DIAPAS-2, DIAPAS-4, DIAPAS-6, DIAPAS-7, DIAPAS-8, DIAPAS-9, DIAPAS-10
This pathogen is part of the Phomopsis Complex. Although seed infection is usually low (<2%), infected soybean seeds are a key source of initial infection and have contributed to the disease’s spread in regions with intensive soybean production.
Yes
Culture plating, Blotter incubation
NSHS METHOD: Sb 2.1 Culture plate (McGee, 1986) (formerly Sf 2.1) and NSHS METHOD: Sb 2.2 Blotter (McGee and Nyvall, 1984) (formerly Sf 2.2)
Culture plating and Blotter incubation are NSHS standard tests
NSHS USDA
biological, chemical, cultural
Use resistant varieties. Fungicides have proven effective. Crop rotation is effective as no-tillage farms have shown a higher rate of infection.
CABI CPC
2025-11-20 11:19:27
DIAPAS-2
Pioli RN, Morandi EN, Luque A, Gosparini CO (2002) Recent outbreak of soybean stem canker caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora in the main soybean producing region of Argentina. Plant Disease 86:1403.
DIAPAS-4
Sinclair JB, Hartman GL, 1999. Soybean diseases. In: Compendium of soybean diseases. 4th ed. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul Minnisota
DIAPAS-6
Roy KW, McLean K, 1984. Epidemiology of soybean stem canker in Mississippi. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 74:632.
DIAPAS-7
McGee DC, Biddle JA. 1987. Seedborne Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora in Iowa and its relationship to soybean stem canker in the Southern United States.Plant Disease 71; 620-622.
DIAPAS-8
Backman PA, Weaver DB, Morgan-Jones G, 1985. Soybean stem canker: an emerging disease problem. Plant Disease, 69(8):641-647
DIAPAS-9
Farr, D.F. and Rossman, A.Y. Fungal Databases, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. 2016, http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/
DIAPAS-10
Petrović, K., Skaltsas, D., Castlebury, L., Kontz, B., Allen, T., Chilvers, I.M., Gregory, N., Kelly, M.H., Koehler, M.A., Kleczewski, M.N., Mueller, S.D., Price, P.P., Smith, L.D., Mathew, M.F., 2021. Diaporthe seed decay of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is endemic in the United States, but new fungi are involved.Plant Disease, 105(6):1621-1629.
NSHS USDA
United Stated Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Protection Service National Seed Health System (USDA-APHIS NSHS) www.seedhealth.org
CABI CPC
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
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