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Peronospora variabilis (downy mildew of quinoa )
Peronospora variabilis
downy mildew of quinoa
Peronospora farinose f. sp. chenopodii, Botrytis farinosa, Peronospora effusa, Peronospora spinaciae, Peronospora variabilis
Worldwide
PA
2025-11-20
fungus
Brazil
Main: Chenopodiaceae family. Primarily quinoa
PEROFA
Peronospora variablilis, more commonly called Peronospora farinosa f. sp. chenopodii is a downy mildew of chenopods, causing yellow leaf spots and downy growth. It spreads mainly via airborne spores and can be seed-transmitted.
Crops
Chenopodium quinoa
quinoa
Yes
PEROFA-2, PEROFA-3, PEROFA-5, PEROFA-6, PEROFA-7, PEROFA-8
Transmission ranged from 0.2% to 5% in laboratory growouts. Higher transmission with higher relative humidities.
Yes
grow out
Tested by growout in high relative humidity in research. This method has not been validated or standardized.
Biological, cultural
Use resistant varieites. Avoid excess watering. Space rows further apart in fields, crop rotation, weed control.
PEROFA-7
2025-11-20 12:42:07
PEROFA-2
Farr, D.F. and Rossman, A.Y. Fungal Databases, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. 2016, http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/
PEROFA-3
Danielsen, Mercado, Ames and Munk. 2004. Seed transmission of downy mildew (Peronospora farinose f.sp. chenopodii) in quinoa and effect of relative humidity on seedling infection. Seed Sci and Technol. 32; 91-98
PEROFA-5
Voll, E., A. M. Brighenti, D. L. P. Gazziero, and F. S. Aegas. 2004. Dinâmica da população de Cardiospermum halicacabum e competição com a cultura da soja. Pesquisa Agropecuaris Brasileira. Brasília. 39:27-33.
PEROFA-6
Choi, Y. J., Choi, I. Y., Kim, J. S., Shin, H. D., 2014. First report of quinoa downy mildew caused by Peronospora variabilis in Republic of Korea.Plant Disease, 98(7) 1003.
PEROFA-7
Colque-Little, C., Amby, D. B., & Andreasen, C. (2021). A review of Chenopodium quinoa (Willd.) diseases—An updated perspective. Plants, 10(6), 1228.
PEROFA-8
Nolen, H., Smith, C., Davis, T. M., & Poleatewich, A. (2022). Evaluation of disease severity and molecular relationships between Peronospora variabilis isolates on Chenopodium species in New Hampshire. Plant Disease, 106(2), 564-571.
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