Dickeya chrysanthemi
bacterial wilt of chrysanthemum and ornamentals
Dickeya chrysanthemi bv. chrysanthemi
Dickeya chrysanthemi bv. parthenii
Dickeya chrysanthemi pv. chrysanthemi
Dickeya chrysanthemi pv. parthenii
Erwinia carotovora f.sp. parthenii
Erwinia carotovora var. chrysanthemi
Erwinia chrysanthemi
Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. chrysanthemi
Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. parthenii (
Pectobacterium carotovorum f.sp. chrysanthemi
Pectobacterium carotovorum var. chrysanthemi
Pectobacterium chrysanthemi
Pectobacterium chrysanthemi pv. chrysanthemi
Pectobacterium chrysanthemi pv. parthenii
Pectobacterium parthenii
Pectobacterium parthenii var. chrysanthemi
Pectobacterium parthenii-dianthicola
Worldwide
AR, CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, IL, MA, MN, NE, NY, NC, ND, OH, PA, SD, TX, VA, WI
2025-09-12
bacterium
Mexico, China
Primarily ornamentals and flowers. Main: Araceae, Asteraceae familes
ERIWCH (also showing as DICKCH)
Dickeya chrysanthemi strains have been isolated from a number of different hosts in different countries. The list of all susceptible plants after inoculation by Dickeya chrysanthemi would be far longer than the natural host range, and difficult to establish. There is little if any information on seed as a pathway for this pathogen and therefore should not be regulated.
Eriwina chrysanthemi has been reclassified into Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp.
12 Known Hosts
Begonia spp.
begonia
No
CABI CPC, ERIWCH-14, ERIWCH-15
No references found indicating that begonia seed is a pathway for this pathogen.
2025-09-12 15:13:44
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Daughtrey, M.L., et.al. 2018. Soft Rot Caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya spp. In, Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests. A. R. Chase, M. L. Daughtrey and R. A. Cloyd, Eds. The American Pathological Society, St. Paul., MN USA
Acuña, I., De Boer, S. H., Li, X., Brurberg, M. B., Dees, M. W., Perminow, J. I., ... & Van Gijsegem, F. (2021). Diseases Caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya Species Around the World.
Brassica oleracea vars.
cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, brussel sprouts
Not a host
ERIWCH-3, CABI CPC
Some sources list Brassicas as hosts; however, there’s no evidence that Brassica oleracea specifically is a host of D. chrysanthemi.
2025-09-12 15:05:04
Ma, B., Hibbing, M. E., Kim, H.-S., Reedy, R. M., Yedidia, I., Breuer, J.,Breuer, J., Glasner, J. D., Perna, N. T., Kelman, A., and Charkowski, A.O. 2007. Host range and molecular phylogenies of the soft rot enterobacterialgenera Pectobacterium and Dickeya. Phytopathology 97:1150-1163
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Chrysanthemum spp.
chrysanthemum
No
CABI CPC, ERIWCH-14
No references were found indicating chrysanthemum seed is a pathway.
2025-09-12 15:14:44
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Daughtrey, M.L., et.al. 2018. Soft Rot Caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya spp. In, Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests. A. R. Chase, M. L. Daughtrey and R. A. Cloyd, Eds. The American Pathological Society, St. Paul., MN USA
Daucus carota
carrot
No
ERIWCH-9, CABI CPC, EPPO, ERIWCH-15, ERIWCH-16, ERIWCH-17
No references found indicating that carrot seed is a pathway for this pathogen.
2025-09-12 15:07:34
Tower and Beraha. 1976. Core-rot; A bacterial disease of carrot. lant Dis. Rept. 60:357-359
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
OEPP/EPPO Global Database - European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
Acuña, I., De Boer, S. H., Li, X., Brurberg, M. B., Dees, M. W., Perminow, J. I., ... & Van Gijsegem, F. (2021). Diseases Caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya Species Around the World.
o Dickey, R.S. (1979). Erwinia chrysanthemi: A comparative study of phenotypic properties of strains from several hosts and other Erwinia species. Phytopathology 69(4): 324-329.
o Davis, R.M. and Raid, R.N. (eds.) (2002). Compendium of Umbelliferous Crop Diseases. The American Phytopathological Society.
Dianthus spp.
carnation
No
CABI CPC, ERIWCH-14
No references found indicating carnation seed is a pathway.
2025-09-12 15:56:27
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Daughtrey, M.L., et.al. 2018. Soft Rot Caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya spp. In, Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests. A. R. Chase, M. L. Daughtrey and R. A. Cloyd, Eds. The American Pathological Society, St. Paul., MN USA
Oryza sativa
rice
No
ERIWCH-5, CABI CPC
No references found indicating that rice seed is a pathway for this pathogen.
Kabir, et. al. 2006 showed that vitavox and disinfestation helped decrease disease from this pathogen, as well as others. However, this seed treatment was not applied to control seed infections by this pathogen, rather protected seeds and seedlings from early infections from soil borne inoculum
ERIWCH-6
2025-09-12 16:06:39
GOTO, M. 1979. Bacterial foot rot of rice caused by a strain of Erwinia chrysanthemi. Phytopathology 69: 213-216.
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Kabir, Islam, Sultana, Azad and Fakir. 2006. Effect of seed cleaning, washing and treating with Vitavax on incidence and severity of Boro rice diseases. International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Technology 2:27-31
Petunia spp.
petunia
No
CABI CPC, ERIWCH-14
No references found indicating that petunia seed is a pathway.
2025-09-12 16:04:20
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Daughtrey, M.L., et.al. 2018. Soft Rot Caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya spp. In, Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests. A. R. Chase, M. L. Daughtrey and R. A. Cloyd, Eds. The American Pathological Society, St. Paul., MN USA
Saccharum officinarum
sugarcane
No
CABI CPC
No references found indicating that sugarcane seed is a pathway.
2025-09-12 16:05:10
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato
No
ERIWCH-12, CABI CPC, ERIWCH-13, ERIWCH-14, ERIWCH-15, ERIWCH-16, ERIWCH-17, ERIWCH-19, ERIWCH-20, ERIWCH-21, ERIWCH-22
Seed transmission of Dickeya chrysanthemi in tomato is uncertain due to limited evidence. Aysan et al. (2005) reported the bacterium on naturally and artificially contaminated seeds and observed symptom development in seedlings from naturally contaminated seed under controlled conditions, though seed-cleaning methods were not specified. No other studies confirm seed as a pathway.
2025-09-12 16:29:24
Alvizantos, 1985. Bacterial wilt of tomato in Greece caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi. Plant Pathology 34: 638-639
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Aysan, Y., Sahin, F., Ceinkaya-Yildiz, R., Mirik, M. and Yucel, F. (2005). Occurrence and primer inoculum sources of bacterial stem rot caused by Erwinia species on tomato in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 112 (1): 42–51
Daughtrey, M.L., et.al. 2018. Soft Rot Caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya spp. In, Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests. A. R. Chase, M. L. Daughtrey and R. A. Cloyd, Eds. The American Pathological Society, St. Paul., MN USA
Acuña, I., De Boer, S. H., Li, X., Brurberg, M. B., Dees, M. W., Perminow, J. I., ... & Van Gijsegem, F. (2021). Diseases Caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya Species Around the World.
o Dickey, R.S. (1979). Erwinia chrysanthemi: A comparative study of phenotypic properties of strains from several hosts and other Erwinia species. Phytopathology 69(4): 324-329.
o Davis, R.M. and Raid, R.N. (eds.) (2002). Compendium of Umbelliferous Crop Diseases. The American Phytopathological Society.
Zhou, J., Hu, M., & Zhang, L. (2024). Dickeya Diversity and Pathogenic Mechanisms. Annual Review of Microbiology, 78(1), 621-642.
Chellemi, D.O., Dankers, H.A., Hill, K., Cullen, R.E., Simone, G.W., Gooch, M.D. and Allingham, J.E., 1998. Occurrence of bacterial stem rot, caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi, on field-grown tomato in Florida. Plant Disease, 82, pp.831.
Mikhail, M.S., Abdel-Alim, A.I., Abd-El-Khair, H., Abdel-Gaied, T.G. and Shereen, A.M., 2019. Host range and total cellular protein fingerprint of soft rot Erwinia isolated from some vegetables in Egypt. Plant Arch, 19(1), pp.295-306.
Norman, D.J., Yuen, J.M.F., Resendiz, R. and Boswell, J., 2003. Characterization of Erwinia populations from nursery retention ponds and lakes infecting ornamental plants in Florida. Plant Disease, 87(2), pp.193-196.
Solanum melongena
eggplant
No
ERIWCH-11, CABI CPC
No references found indicating that eggplant seed is a pathway for this pathogen.
2025-09-12 15:08:05
Kahn, Furuya, Ura and Matsuyama. 2000. Rapid identification of Erwinia chrysanthemi isolated from soft rotted eggplant and Phalaenpsis sp. by lipid and fatty acid profiling. J. Fac. Agric. Kyushu Univer. 44: 257-263
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum
No
ERIWCH-10, CABI CPC
No references found indicating that eggplant seed is a pathway for this pathogen.
2025-09-12 16:07:24
Jensen, Mayberry and Obrigwitch. 1986. Identification of Erwinia chrysanthemi as a Soft-Rot-Inducing Pathogen of Grain Sorghum. S. G. Jensen, W. R. Mayberry, and J. A. Obrigawitch. Plant Dis. 70: 593-596
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Zea mays
corn
No
ERIWCH-7, ERIWCH-8, CABI CPC
No references found indicating that corn seed is a pathway for this pathogen.
2025-09-12 16:07:45
Hoppe, P.E. and Kelman, A. 1969. Bacterial tip and stalk rot disease of corn in Wisconsin. Plant Dis. Rept. 53:66-70
Kelman, Person and Hebert. 1957. A bacterial soft rot of irrigated corn in North Carolina. Plant Dis. Rept. 41:798-802
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
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