Vigna mungo
black gram
1 Related Pests
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens
bacteria
Bacterium flaccumfaciens, Corynebacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens, Corynebacterium flaccumfaciens subsp. flaccumfaciens, Phytomonas flaccumfacien, Pseudomonas flaccumfaciens
Africa: Maurtius, Tunisia, Zambia; Asia: Iran, Turkey; Europe: Belgium, Russia; North America: Canada, USA; Oceania: Australia; South America: Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela.
CO, CT, ID, IA, MI, MT, NE, ND, OH, OR, VA, WI, WY.
EU
2024-11-21
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff) is a seedborne pathogen that is included in the A2 (high risk) list of quarantine pathogens by EPPO. It can overwinter in plant debris and in weeds. Root damage caused by infections from the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita has been shown to facilitate the entry of pathogens into host plants. The bacterium can multiply quickly in hot and humid weather. Infection is not as visible in temperate climates, therefore lab tests need to be done to confirm infection.
Main: Fabaceae family primarily common bean.
Uncertain
CORBFL-5, CORBFL-8, CORBFL-9, CORBFL-10, CABI CPC, EPPO, CORBFL-22, CORBFL-25
Cff has been shown to infect some Vigna species, such as mung bean and cowpea, under experimental conditions. However, natural infections are rarely reported, and Vigna crops are not considered major hosts or known pathways for spread via seed.
CORBFL-5, CORBFL-8, CORBFL-9, CORBFL-10, CABI CPC, EPPO, CORBFL-22, CORBFL-25
Dilution plating, PCR
CORBFL-2, CORBFL-8, CORBFL-9, NSHS USDA
Cultural
CABI CPC, CORBFL-15, CORBFL-17, CORBFL-26, CORBFL-28
The use of clean seed is the most effective method to prevent spread. Field inspection appears to be inadequate to detect Cff. Weeds, volunteer plants, and plant debris should be removed. There are no effective seed treatments against cff.
Schuster ML and Smith CC, 1983. Surveillance and seed transmission of three strains of Corynebacterium flaccumfaciens in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Fitopatologia Brasileira, 8:87-92
Diatloff A, Wong,WC, Wood BA, 1993. Non-destructive methods of detecting Curtobacteriumflaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens in mungbean seeds. Letters in Applied Microbiology16:269-273
Tegli S, Sereni A, Surico G, 2002. PCR-based assay for the detection of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens in bean seeds. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 35:331-337
Arcila MJ,Trujillo G, 1990. Identification of phytopathogenic bacteria in cowpea seeds (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. unguiculata). Agromonía Tropical (Maracay), 40:193-203
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
OEPP/EPPO Global Database - European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
EFSA Panel on Plant Health (EFSA PLH Panel), Jeger, M., Bragard, C., Caffier, D., Candresse, T., Chatzivassiliou, E., ... & Caffier, D. (2018). Pest categorisation of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens. Efsa Journal, 16(5), e05299.
Osdaghi, E., Young, A. J., & Harveson, R. M. (2020). Bacterial wilt of dry beans caused by Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens: A new threat from an old enemy. Molecular Plant Pathology, 21(5), 605–621.
Calzolari A, Cavanni P and Ponti I, 1987. Bacterial and fungus diseases of soyabean. Informatore Fitopatologico, 37:7-12
United Stated Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Protection Service National Seed Health System (USDA-APHIS NSHS) www.seedhealth.org
Maringoni, A.C. and Camara, R.C. (2006). Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens detection in bean seeds using a semi-selective culture medium. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 37(4):451-455
Soares RM, Fantinato GGP, Darben LM, Marcelino-Guimarães FC, Seixas CDS, Carneiro GEde S, 2013. First report of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens on soybean in Brazil. Tropical Plant Pathology, 38(5):452-454.
Tegli, S. (2011). Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens. BULLETIN OEPP, 41, 320-328.
Maringoni, A. C., & Camara, R. D. C. (2006). Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens detection in bean seeds using a semi-selective culture medium. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 37, 451-455.
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