Viola spp.
viola, pansy
3 Related Pests
Tobacco rattle virus
virus
Aster ringspot virus, belladonna mosaic virus, paeony mosaic virus, paeony ringspot virus, peony mosaic virus, peony ringspot virus, potato corky ringspot virus, potato stem mottle virus, ratel virus, spinach yellow mottle virus, Tabakmauche Virus, Tabakstreifen und Kra, tobacco rattle tobravirus, tulip white streak virus
Worldwide
AK, CA, CO, FL, ID, IL, IN, MA, MI, MN, NE, NC, ND, OH, OR, PA, UT, WA, WI
Korea
2024-09-08
Tobacco Rattle Virus is soil-borne and transmitted between plants by the nematode species Trichodorus and Paratrichodorus. Seed is only known to be a pathway in some weed species.
TRV occurs on numerous crops in many countries and has been detected on over 100 mono- and dicotyledonous plant species.
No
TRV000-4, CABICPC
One reference found indicating seed of Viola arvensis to be a pathway and overwintering reservoir. There is no evidence that seed of domesticated violets and pansies are pathways.
TRV000-4, CABICPC
Aphelenchoides fragariae
nematode
Aphelenchoides olesistus, Aphelenchoides olesistus var. longicollis, Aphelenchoides pseudolesistus
Worldwide, though limited reports in Africa, South America, Canada, Caribbean
Widespread
China
2023-08-21
This nematode has been reported in China
Primarily a pest of strawberry, ferns, ornamentals and flowers of the Liliaceae family. Reported in onion, but not confirmed as a host.
No
APLOFR-3, NEMAPLEX
There is no evidence that Viola spp. seed is pathway. Only literature found indicates seed of Anthrium may be a pathway for this nematode (APLOFR-1).
APLOFR-3, NEMAPLEX
Mycocentrospora acerina
fungus
Centrospora acerina, Cercospora acerina, Cercospora cari
Asia: China, Japan; Europe: Bulgaria, France, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, UK; North America: USA; South America: Chile.
WA
Brazil, China
2025-10-27
Mycocentrospora acerina is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that produces dark, septate conidia and survives in soil or on plant debris. It infects plants through wounds under cool, wet conditions. While primarily soil-borne, seed transmission has been proven in pansy and caraway, making infected seeds a potential source of inoculum.
Main: celery, carrot, lettuce, caraway; Other: peony
Yes
MYCCAC-3, MYCCAC-4, MYCCAC-6, CABI CPC, MYCCAC-8, MYCCAC-9
Seed pathway is uncommon, but possible
MYCCAC-3, MYCCAC-4, MYCCAC-6, CABI CPC, MYCCAC-8, MYCCAC-9
Mycocentrospora acerina causes leaf spots and crown rot in pansy. It is primarily soil-borne, surviving in soil or plant debris, but can also be transmitted via infected seeds, which produce colonized seedlings.
MYCCAC-8
Seed production in dry climates and without overhead irrigation and from reliable producers essentially eliminates this seed borne pathogen.
Hermansen, A. 1992. Weeds as hosts of Mycocentrospora acerina. Annals of Applied Biology 121:679-686
Davis RM, Raid RN, 2002. Compendium of Umbelliferous Crop Diseases. American Phytopathological Society.
Gill,D.L., 1971. Centrospora acerina carried by Pansyseed.Plant Disease Reporter 55:731-732.
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Chase, AR and Daughtrey, ML. 2018. Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests. Eds. A. R. Chase, M. L. Daughtrey and R. A. Cloyd. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. USA
Yang, K., Wang, H. L., Ye, C., Wang, Z. H., Ye, K. H., Zhang, S., ... & He, X. H. (2022). Infection characteristics and physical prevention strategy of Panax notoginseng round spot disease caused by Mycocentrospora acerina. Plant Disease, 106(10), 2607-2617.
Search the database