Potato spindle tuber viroid
spindle tuber of potato
potato gothic virus, potato spindle viroid, spindle tuber viroid, tomato bunchy top viroid
Americas: Mexico, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela. Africa: Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda. Asia: wide spread. Europe: Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Italy, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, Russia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine. Australia.
pest eradicated (EPPO)
2023-12-08 15:36:46
viroid
Brazil, China, Mexico, Thailand, The Republic of Korea
Mainly solanaceous crops, capsicum, and ornamentals
PSTVD0
Successful eradication of the viroid has been reported for the USA and Canada. PSTVd-7 data shows little evidence of asymptomatic plants and testing of asymptomatic plants did not increase detection of Potato spindle tuber viroid significantly, if at all. Concluded that inspection for Potato spindle tuber viroid symptoms was a "good aid" in determining if a tomato crop was infected with the viroid.
4 Known Hosts
Capsicum annuum
pepper
Yes
CABI CPC,ISF RPLD
ISF RPLD concludes that seed as a pathway is uncertain, because seed transmission was shown in the laboratory. However, significant references exist indicating that under certain situations, Potato spindle tuber viroid may be seed transmitted.
Yes
RT-PCR
RT-PCR is the standard method of the NSHS.
PSTVd-10,PSTVd-8,PSTVd-9,NSHS USDA,PSTVd-11
Biological, Cultural, Mechanical
References suggest using PSTVd certified free seed, field monitoring and infected plant removal, though field detection may be difficult. Seed treatments are ineffectual.
PSTVd-7,CABI CPC
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
Matsushita, Y. and Tsuda, S. 2016. Seed transmission of potato spindle tuber viroid, tomatochlorotic dwarf viroid, tomato apical stunt viroid, and Columnealatent viroid in horticultural plants. Eur J Plant Pathol.145:1007-1011
EUPHRESCO, 2011. Detection and epidemiology of pospiviroids (DEP) final report. Pilot project report of the virtual common pot. Detection and epidemiology of pospiviroids (DEP) final report. Pilot project report of the virtual common pot. EUPHRESCO (EUPHRESCO Phytosanitary ERA-NET), 70 pp.
Hoshino S, Okuta T, Isaka M, Tutumi N, Miyai N, Ikeshiro T, Saito N, Ohara T, Takahashi T, 2006. Detection of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) in tomato and potato seeds. Research Bulletin of the Plant Protection Service, Japan, No.42:69-73
United Stated Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Protection Service National Seed Health System (USDA-APHIS NSHS) www.seedhealth.org
Matsushita, Y., Yanagisawa, H., & Sano, T. (2018). Vertical and horizontal transmission of pospiviroids. Viruses, 10(12), 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10120706
van Brunschot, SL Verhoeven, JThJ, Persley, DM, Geering, ADW, Drenth, A, and Thomas JH 2014, An outbreak of Potato spindle tuber viroid in tomato is linked to imported seed. European Journal of Plant Pathology 139: 1-7
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato
Yes
PSTVd-7,PSTVd-9,NSHS USDA,PSTVd-11
The ISF RPLD concludes that seed as a pathway is uncertain, however, significant references exist indicating that under certain situations, Potato tuber spindle viroid may be seed transmitted. Field detection is difficult.
Yes
RT-PCR
RT-PCR is the standard method of the NSHS.
PSTVd-8,PSTVd-9,NSHS USDA
Biological, Cultural, Mechanical
References suggest using PSTVd certified free seed, field monitoring and infected plant removal, though field detection may be difficult. Seed treatments are ineffectual.
PSTVd-7,CABI CPC
van Brunschot, SL Verhoeven, JThJ, Persley, DM, Geering, ADW, Drenth, A, and Thomas JH 2014, An outbreak of Potato spindle tuber viroid in tomato is linked to imported seed. European Journal of Plant Pathology 139: 1-7
Hoshino S, Okuta T, Isaka M, Tutumi N, Miyai N, Ikeshiro T, Saito N, Ohara T, Takahashi T, 2006. Detection of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) in tomato and potato seeds. Research Bulletin of the Plant Protection Service, Japan, No.42:69-73
United Stated Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Protection Service National Seed Health System (USDA-APHIS NSHS) www.seedhealth.org
Matsushita, Y., Yanagisawa, H., & Sano, T. (2018). Vertical and horizontal transmission of pospiviroids. Viruses, 10(12), 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10120706
EUPHRESCO, 2011. Detection and epidemiology of pospiviroids (DEP) final report. Pilot project report of the virtual common pot. Detection and epidemiology of pospiviroids (DEP) final report. Pilot project report of the virtual common pot. EUPHRESCO (EUPHRESCO Phytosanitary ERA-NET), 70 pp.
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Petunia spp.
petunia
No
PSTVd-10
Seed transmission in artificially inoculated plants in the laboratory. Though seed may be implicated, no references found indicating that seed is a pathway in nature.
Matsushita, Y. and Tsuda, S. 2016. Seed transmission of potato spindle tuber viroid, tomatochlorotic dwarf viroid, tomato apical stunt viroid, and Columnealatent viroid in horticultural plants. Eur J Plant Pathol.145:1007-1011
Solanum tuberosum
potato
Yes
CABI CPC,EPPO,PSTVd-15,PSTVd-12,PSTVd-13
Potato is considered the main host of PSTVd. It is reported to be transmitted via true potato seed (TPS) but is reported to primarily spread mechanically.
Yes
RT-PCR
CABI CPC,EPPO,PSTVd-14
Mechanical,
Proper sanitation procedures are important to prevent mechanical transmission. Ensure use of healthy seeds.
PSTVd-13
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
OEPP/EPPO Global Database - European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
Fernow KH, 1967. Tomato as a test plant for detecting mild strains of potato spindle tuber virus. Phytopathology, 57:1347-1352.
Benson AP, Singh RP, 1964. Seed transmission of potato spindle tuber virus in tomato. American Potato Journal, 41:294.
Hunter DE, Darling DH, Beale WL, 1969. Seed transmission of potato spindle tuber virus. American Potato Journal, 46:247-250.
Shamloul AM, Hadidi A, Zhu SF, Singh RP, Sagredo B, 1997. Sensitive detection of potato spindle tuber viroid using RT-PCR and identification of a viroid variant naturally infecting pepino plants. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 19(1):89-96; 36 ref.
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