rice. Bacterium is also known to survive in many Poaceae grasses.
XANTOR
Highly pathogenic strains eradicated in the US in late 1980's. (Recent strains of Xanthomonads on rice in LA and TX were genetically distinct from this pathvar and weakly pathogenic (XANTOR-10).
1 Known Hosts
Oryza sativa
rice
Yes
XANTOR-8,XANTOR-1,XANTOR-4
Seed as a pathway is documented and accepted.
Yes
Culture plating, PCR, ELISA, IF, Liquid plating
XANTOR-2,XANTOR-3,XANTOR-4,XANTOR-6,XANTOR-7
Seed Treatments: triphenyltin chloride and HPMTS (2-hydroxy propyl-methane-thiosulphonate) applied dry or as a slurry or HPMTS (2-hydroxy propyl-methane-thiosulphonate) applied as slurry eradicated the pathogen.
Phytosanitary control and quarantine measures have been important in preventing spread of the pathogen.
Swings J, Mooter M van den, Vauterin L, Hoste B, Gillis M, Mew TW, Kersters K, 1990. Reclassification of the causal agents of bacterial blight (Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae) and bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzicola) of rice as pathovars of Xanthomonas oryzae (ex Ishiyama 1922) sp. nov., nom. rev. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 40:309-311
Sakthivel N, Mortensen CN, Mathur SB, 2001. Detection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in artificially inoculated and naturally infected rice seeds and plants by molecular techniques. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 56:435-441.
Alvarez AM, Rehman FU, Leach JE, 1997. Comparison of serological and molecular methods for detection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, In Rice Seed. Seed health testing: progress towards the 21st century., 175-183
Singh RA, Rao MHS, 1982. Evaluation of several chemical treatments for eradicating Xanthomonas oryzae from rice seeds. Seed Science and Technology, 10:119-123