Petunia spp.
petunia
15 Related Pests
Rhodococcus fascians
bacterium
Corynebacterium fascians, Bacterium fascians, Phytomonas fascians, Pseudobacterium fascians, Rhodococcus rubropertinctus
Europe, North America, Central America, Australia, New Zealand, Iran, Russia, Egypt, Colombia
Widespread
Brazil, Thailand
2023-08-21 16:50:36
Though found in many US states, the pathogen is usually restricted and localized. Probably Worldwide, though not reported. Disease outbreaks are sporadic and usually related to poor sanitation. Bulbs, floral and greenhouse crops most susceptible to disease outbreaks. No reports of seed as a pathway in vegetables and agronomic crops.
Primarily a pest of ornamentals, woody ornamentals and floowers. Vegetables and agronomic crops reported susceptible to the bacterium are listed below. Transmits primarily through propagation.
No
CORBFA-3,CORBFA-1,
Listed as a host, but uncommon. No evidence that seed is a pathway.
CORBFA-3,CORBFA-1,
Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid
viroid
India, Japan, Canada, Mexico, Europe
CO, AZ
Korea, Thailand
2022-09-21 21:03:45
Closely related to Potato spindle tuber viroid. Few occurrences in the US. Though Capsicum annum is often tested for this viroid, there is no evidence that it is a host.
tomato, petunia
No
TCDVd-3,TCDVd-5,TCDVd-6,
Pathway not Proven. One reference found where Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid was seed transmitted in artificially inoculated plants of Petunia, . Two other references found Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid in petunia stocks, but seed were not tested. No references found where seed was naturally infected with Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid.
TCDVd-3,TCDVd-5,TCDVd-6,
RT-PCR is used to test tomato seed for this viroid.
Matsushita Y, and Tsuda S. 2016. Seed transmission of potato spindle tuber viroid, tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid, tomato apical stunt viroid, and Columnea latent viroid in horticultural plants. Eur. J. Plant Pathol.
Verhoeven J.Th.J., Jansen, C.C.C., Willemen, T.M., Kox, L.F.F., Owens, R.A., and Roenhorst, J.W. (2004). Natural infection of tomato by Citrus exocortis viroid, Columnea latent viroid, Potato spindle tuber viroid and Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid. European Journal of Plant Pathology 110: 823-831
James T, Mulholland V, Jeffries C and Chard J. 2008. First report of Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid infecting commercial petunia stocks in the United Kingdom. Plant Pathology 57:400
Impatiens necrotic spot virus
virus
Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus, Impatiens strain
Worldwide
Widespread
Korea
2021-04-20 19:25:01
The virus is closely related to Tomato spotted wilt virus and a member of the Tospovirus group of viruses which are thrip transmitted. Seed transmission is unlikely and not reported for any host.
Moderately wide natural host range, including many ornamentals. Vegetable, agronomic and important grass and flower species listed below.
No
INSV00-1,INSV00-2,
Thrip transmitted in nature. Seed is not known to be a pathway.
INSV00-1,INSV00-2,
Difficult to control. Field control must consider the virus and the vector for success.
Colombian datura virus
virus
Datura Colombian potyvirus, Datura Colombian virus,
Worldwide
FL, SC, OR
Korea
2021-04-08 18:06:59
Though worldwide, reports have been scattered and localized, including the three finds in the USA.
tomato and petunia
No
CDV000-2,
Seed is not known to be a pathway.
CDV000-2,
Brunt, AA, Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, MJ, Gibbs, AJ, Watson, L. and Zurcher, EJ. (eds.). Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database, Version: 16th 1997. http://bio-mirror.im.ac.cn/mirrors/pvo/vide/refs.htm
Xiphinema index
nematode
Diversiphinema index
Asia, Europe, South Africa, Tunisia, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, Peru, Argentina
CA
Korea
2021-04-22 18:15:08
Seed is not a pathway for this nematode. Also known as a dagger nematode.
grapevines, citrus, apple, rose, other trees
No
XIPHIN-1,
Seed is not known to be a pathway for this nematode. Petunia is not known to be an important host.
XIPHIN-1,
Xiphinema index. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Candidatus phytoplasma asteris
phytoplasma
Worldwide
Widespread
2021-11-15 19:27:42
AY phytoplasmas are not seed transmissable and seed is not a pathway in any host.
Wide host range, primarily herbaceous dicots, though strains infect monocots and woody ornamentals
No
CABI CPC,
AY phytoplasmas are not seed transmissible, and seed is not a pathway. Spread by leafhoppers and introduced into new areas by propagated materials.
CABI CPC,
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Chrysanthemum stunt viroid
viroid
Chrysanthemum stunt pospiviroid
Worldwide
KS, MI, MN, NY, PA
Mexico
2022-01-19 19:49:52
Tomato is not known to host Chrysanthemum stunt viroid in nature. Only experimental work done by Kryczynski, et al. implicates tomato as a host for Chyrsanthemum stunt viroid. No other vegetable is known to be a host.
Primarily Chrysanthemum spp., especially C. morifolium, Ageratum spp., Argyranthemum frutescens, Petunia hybrida, Dalhia
No
CSVd00-6,
No evidence that seed is a pathway. Transmitted by propagation or grafting.
CSVd00-6,
Verhoeven, J.T.J., Arts, M.S.J., Owens, R.A. and Roenhorst, J.W., 1998. Natural infection of petunia by chrysanthemum stunt viroid. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 104:383-386.
Dickeya chrysanthemi
bacterium
Eriwina chrysanthemi (and pathovars,varieites), Pectobacterium chrysanthemi (and pathovars,varieties), Erwinia carotovora pvs. chrysanthemi/parthenii, Pectobacterium carotovorum pvs. chrysanthemi/parthenni
Worldwide
Widespread
Mexico, China
2022-11-11 19:41:39
Dickeya chrysanthemi strains have been isolated from a number of different hosts in different countries. The list of all susceptible plants after inoculation by Dickeya chrysanthemi would be far longer than the natural host range, and difficult to establish. There is little if any information on seed as a pathway for this pathogen and therefore should not be regulated.
Eriwina chrysanthemi has been reclassified into Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp.
Primarily ornamentals and flowers. Only hosts of Dickeye chrysanthemi or Dickeya zeae are listed below. (Ma, et.al. 2007)
No
ERIWCH-1,ERIWCH-14,
There is no evidence that seed is a pathway. No references found. Primarily spread by vegetative plant material.
ERIWCH-1,ERIWCH-14,
Dickeya chrysanthemi In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Daughtrey, M.L., et.al. 2018. Soft Rot Caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya spp. In, Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests. A. R. Chase, M. L. Daughtrey and R. A. Cloyd, Eds. The American Pathological Society, St. Paul., MN USA
Tobacco mosaic virus
virus
TMV U1, type, Vulgare or Common strain
tobacco mosaic tobamovirus,
VMT (Virus mosaique de tabac)
Worldwide
Widespread
Mexico
2023-08-21 16:58:52
Broad host range. Cultivated species listed below.
No
TMV000-12,
Though petunia is a host, it is not common. TMV has been detected in parts of petunia seed, however seed transmission does not occur.
TMV000-12,
No seed test described for Tobacco mosaic virus in petunia, ELISA and Bioassay commonly applied to other crops. Tests not validated or standardized for petunia.
No seed treatments described for petunia. Seed disinfectants, such as Trisodium orthophosphate followed by sodium hypochlorite treatment and HCl soaks have been applied.
Hosokawa D. and Mori K. 1983. Electron Microscope Study of Virus Distribution of Floral Organ and Seed of Petunia Infected with Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 49: 173-183
Tomato infectious chlorosis virus
virus
Tomato infectious chlorosis closterovirus
Asia, Tunisia, Europe, Mexico
Reported in CA, NC
Korea
2022-09-21 21:02:34
Whitefly transmitted virus. Phloem limited Criniviruses are not known to be seed transmitted. Not to be confused with Tomato chlorosis virus, a closely related Crinivirus.
tomato, potato, petunia
No
No references found indicating seed is a pathway. Petunia has been identified as an occasional host, but references confirming this have not been found. Seed transmission is not known to occur in Criniviruses or other members of the Closteroviridae family.
Tobacco ringspot virus
virus
Anemone necrosis virus, Annulus tabaci, Blueberry necrotic ringspot virus, Nicotiana virus 12, Soybean bud blight virus, Tobacco Brazilian streak virus, Tobacco ringspot nepovirus, Tobacco ringspot virus No. 1
Worldwide
Widespread
Korea, China
2022-09-22 18:37:27
Nepovirus. Requires the Xiphinema americanum nematode for transmission. This pest has been reported to be in Korea.
Extensive host range includes many weed, fruit and ornamental plant species. The vegetables and agronomic crops listed below are important
No
DVP WEB,
Pathway not proven. Seed as a pathway is often speculated based on one dated reference . See reference #34 in the DVP WEB. This reference could not be verified and it appears that the research was done with one isolate in the laboratory only. No evidence of natural seed transmission.
DVP WEB,
Tobacco streak virus
virus
Annulus orae, Asparagus stunt virus, Black raspberry latent ilarvirus, Datura quercina virus, New logan virus, Micotiana virus 8, Nicotiana virus vulaerans, Tobacoo streak ilarvirus, Tracttus orea
Worldwide
CA, CO, FL ID IA, KT, MA, MI, MN, NC, OH, OK, OR, PA, WA, WI
Korea, Thailand
2022-11-04 18:19:53
Requires thrips to transmit from plant to plant.
Extensive host range includes many weeds, fruit and ornamental plant species. Over 70 species reported as hosts. The vegetables and agronomic crops listed below are important hosts of Tobacco streak virus
No
TSV000-10,
No evidence that seed is a pathway. Noreferences found. Often transmitted through propagation.
TSV000-10,
Sastry, K.S., Mandal, B., Hammond, J., Scott, S.W., Briddon, R.W. 2019. Petunia spp.. In: Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_686
Tomato spotted wilt virus
virus
Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus, Tomato spotted wilt virus group
Worldwide
Widespread
2023-08-21 17:00:09
Seed is not a pathway for Tospoviruses, including Tomato spotted wilt virus
Wide host range. Over 800 plant species are known hosts. Primarily ornamentals,flowers. No evidence that small grains or corn are hosts.
No
TSWV00-1,TSWV00-3,
Seed is not a pathway for Tospoviruses, including Tomato spotted wilt virus.
TSWV00-1,TSWV00-3,
Asparagus virus 2
virus
asparagus 2 ilarvirus, Asparagus ilarvirus 2, Asparagus latent virus, Asparagus virus C, asparagus virus II
Canada, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, United Kingdom
DE, MI
Brazi
2023-05-05 18:32:31
Natural infection has been reported only from asparagus (Asparagus officinalis). Plants infected from seed show no obvious symptoms but vigour and productivity are reduced. Also transmitted through seed of N. tabacum cv. Samsun, Zinnia elegans, and Petunia hybrida.
asparagus, tobacco, zinnia, petunia
No
AV2000-1,
Pathway not proven. Reference above indicates seed may be a pathway but data appears to be from artificial inoculation in the laboratory. No evidence that seed is a pathway in nature.
AV2000-1,
Fujisawa, I., Goto, T., Iizuka, N., & Tsuchizaki, T. (1983). Some properties of asparagus virus II isolated from Asparagus officinalis in Japan. Nippon Shokubutsu ByÅri Gakkai, 49(5), 683–688. https://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.49.683
Potato spindle tuber viroid
viroid
potato gothic virus, potato spindle viroid, spindle tuber viroid, tomato bunchy top viroid
Americas: Mexico, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela. Africa: Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda. Asia: wide spread. Europe: Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Italy, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, Russia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine. Australia.
pest eradicated (EPPO)
Brazil, China, Mexico, Thailand, The Republic of Korea
2023-12-08 15:36:46
Successful eradication of the viroid has been reported for the USA and Canada. PSTVd-7 data shows little evidence of asymptomatic plants and testing of asymptomatic plants did not increase detection of Potato spindle tuber viroid significantly, if at all. Concluded that inspection for Potato spindle tuber viroid symptoms was a "good aid" in determining if a tomato crop was infected with the viroid.
Mainly solanaceous crops, capsicum, and ornamentals
No
PSTVd-10
Seed transmission in artificially inoculated plants in the laboratory. Though seed may be implicated, no references found indicating that seed is a pathway in nature.
PSTVd-10
Matsushita, Y. and Tsuda, S. 2016. Seed transmission of potato spindle tuber viroid, tomatochlorotic dwarf viroid, tomato apical stunt viroid, and Columnealatent viroid in horticultural plants. Eur J Plant Pathol.145:1007-1011
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