Solanum melongena
eggplant
26 Related Pests
Tomato black ring virus
virus
Lettuce Ringspot Virus, Bean Ringspot Virus, Beet Ringspot Virus, Celery Yellow Vein Virus, Lettuce Ringspot Virus,Potato Bouquet Virus, Potato Pseudo-Aucuba Virus,Tomato Black Ring Nepovirus
India, Japan, Turkey, throughout Europe
Not known to occur
China, Korea, Mexico, Thailand
2022-11-03 18:40:04
Wide host range reported. Requires the Dagger nematode to transmit this virus
Wide host range, however many are experimental only. Important crops listed below.
No
RICH ISTA,TBRV00-2,TBRV00-3,
Pathway not proven. No references found indicating seed is a pathway. Older literature (TBRV00-2, TBRV00-3) lists seed as a possible pathway, but no evidence of seed transmission was presented for this host.
RICH ISTA,TBRV00-2,TBRV00-3,
Richardson, MJ. 1990. An Annotated List of Seedborne Diseases. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich Switzerland.
Lister RM, Murant AF, 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Murant AF, Lister RM, 1967. Seed-transmission in the ecology of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:63-76.
Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum
phytoplasma
Liberibacter psyllaurous, Liberibacter solancearum, Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurous, psyllid yellows, zebra complex
Canada, Mexico, Central America, Northern Europe, New Zealand, Honduras, Mexico, Finland, Sweden, Norway, France, Spain, Canary Islands.
TX, NB, CO, KS, WY, NM, AZ, NV, CA, ID, OR, MT, ND, UT, WA
China, Thailand, Korea
2021-11-15 19:09:10
Primarily found in potatoes and tomatos in US, Not known to occur in carrots, peppers or celery in the US.
potato, tomato, pepper, tobacco, eggplant, other solanaceus weeds Reported on carrot, celery.
No
LIBEPS-1,LIBEPS-2,LIBEPS-4,
This bacterium requires the Bactericera trigonica or Trioza apicalis psyllid for transmision. There is no evidence that seed is a pathway.
LIBEPS-1,LIBEPS-2,LIBEPS-4,
Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Munyaneza JE, 2012. Zebra chip disease of potato: biology, epidemiology, and management. American Journal of Potato Research, 89:329-350.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
Pseudomonas syringae pv aptata
bacterium
Bacterium aptatum, Chlorobacter aptatus, Phytomonas aptata, Pseudomonas aptata
Asia, Australia, Europe, India, Iran, North and South Korea, New South Wales, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom
CA, MA, OR, PA, UT, VA, WA
China
2021-04-26 20:48:00
swiis chard, sugar beets
No
PSDMPT-9,ISF RPLD,
Not a host. Eggplant as a host has been established by artificial inoculation only. No evidence of natural infections.
PSDMPT-9,ISF RPLD,
Dickeya chrysanthemi
bacterium
Eriwina chrysanthemi (and pathovars,varieites), Pectobacterium chrysanthemi (and pathovars,varieties), Erwinia carotovora pvs. chrysanthemi/parthenii, Pectobacterium carotovorum pvs. chrysanthemi/parthenni
Worldwide
Widespread
Mexico, China
2022-11-11 19:41:39
Dickeya chrysanthemi strains have been isolated from a number of different hosts in different countries. The list of all susceptible plants after inoculation by Dickeya chrysanthemi would be far longer than the natural host range, and difficult to establish. There is little if any information on seed as a pathway for this pathogen and therefore should not be regulated.
Eriwina chrysanthemi has been reclassified into Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp.
Primarily ornamentals and flowers. Only hosts of Dickeye chrysanthemi or Dickeya zeae are listed below. (Ma, et.al. 2007)
No
ERIWCH-11,ERIWCH-1,ISF RPLD,
Reference established eggplant as a host. No evidence that seed is a pathway for this pathogen.
ERIWCH-11,ERIWCH-1,ISF RPLD,
Kahn, Furuya, Ura and Matsuyama. 2000. Rapid identification of Erwinia chrysanthemi isolated from soft rotted eggplant and Phalaenpsis sp. by lipid and fatty acid profiling. J. Fac. Agric. Kyushu Univer. 44: 257-263
Dickeya chrysanthemi In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
Ralstonia solanacearum
bacterium
Too many to list, see CABI CPC for a complete list
Worldwide
Widespread
China
2022-08-30 17:40:04
Most important economic crop is potato. Host range is extremely wide.
Yes
RLSTSO-3,RLSTSO-4,RLSTSO-2
Recent research has shown that seed can be a pathway in eggplant. Though evidence of a seed pathway in seed produced in known seed production systems has not been found.
RLSTSO-3,RLSTSO-4,RLSTSO-2
Biochemical, blotter, serological and molecular methods
RLSTSO-2,
These methods have been described for other hosts and specific tests for eggplant have not been developed. These methods have not be standardized or validated for eggplant.
RLSTSO-2,
Seed disinfection has been described for other hosts.
Chatterjee, B., Chakraborty, M., Habib, A.A. and Samaddar, K.R., 1994. Survival of Pseudomonas solanacearum biovar 3 on seeds of eggplant. Bacterial Wilt Newsletter, (11).
Singh R, 1994. Seed transmission studies with Pseudomonas solanacearum in tomato and eggplant. ACIAR Bacterial Wilt Newsletter, 11:12-13.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
Colletotrichum capsici
fungus
Vermicularia capsici
Worldwide, primarily in tropical production
Southeast US.
Chile, Mexico
2022-02-08 21:20:11
Farr and Rossman, 2015 considers this Colletotrichum species an anamporh of Colletotrichum truncatum.
pepper, tomato, eggplant, Chinese cabbage, bitter gourd
No
No references found indicating seed is a pathway.
Didymella lycopersici
fungus
Ascochyta lycopersici, Diplodina lycopersici, Phoma lycopersici, Sphaeronaema lycopersici,
Worldwide
AK, DE, FL, NJ, NC, OR, VA, WI
China, Korea, Thailand
2022-11-22 18:57:08
peppers, tomato, eggplant
No
ISF RPLD,
No references found indicating seed is a pathway. Seed pathway may be inferred because tomato seed is a pathway.
ISF RPLD,
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
Verticillium dahliae
fungus
Verticillium ovatum, Verticillium trachiephilum
Worldwide
Widespread
China
2022-11-11 18:36:13
Prevalent in China
Wide host range (ornamentals, vegetables, agronomic). Isolated from some small grains but not pathogenic on small grains
No
VERTDA-19,VERTDA-26,
Pathway not proven. Though the pathogen was recovered on seed in a blotter incubation test in the laboratory, there is no evidence of seed transmission in nature.
VERTDA-19,VERTDA-26,
Blotter incubation
VERTDA-19,
This method has not been validated or standardized
Phytophthora hibernalis
fungus
South Africa, Congo, Israel, Turkey, Australia, New Zealand, Europe, Central America, Caribbean, Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela
CA, OR
2022-12-01 19:27:56
Primarily a pathogen of citrus trees.
No
PHYTHI-3,
Not a host in nature. Fruit rot was caused by Phytophthora hibernalis when fruit were artificially inoculated and stored. No reports of natural infection of eggplant found.
PHYTHI-3,
Nadel-Schiffmann, M., 1947. Phytophthora hibernalis. Pal. J. Bot. Rehovot ser, 6:148-157.
Peronospora hyoscyami f.sp. tabacina
fungus
Peronospora effusa var. hyoscyami, Peronospora hyoscyami, Peronospora nicotianae, Peronospora tabacina
Worldwide
Widespread in tobacco growing regions in the SE USA
China
2021-05-03 17:52:54
The role of infected seeds in disseminating the fungus remains undetermined in tobacco and seems insignificant for the spread of blue mould.
Primarily tobacco. Reported on tomato, pepper and eggplant, but these are not considered important hosts
No
PEROHY-2,PEROHY-1,PEROHY-3,
No evidence that seed is a pathway for this host or other hosts. Infection of this host by this pathogen is rare.
PEROHY-2,PEROHY-1,PEROHY-3,
Richardson MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
Peronospora hyoscyami f.sp. tabacina In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. www.pestlist.worldseed.org. Nyon, switzerland
Tomato ringspot virus
virus
Tomato ringspot nepovirus, Blackberry (Himalaya) mosaic virus, Euonymus chlorotic ringspot virus, Euonymus ringspot virus, Grape yellow vein virus, Grapevine yellow vein virus, Nicotiana 13 virus, Peach stem pitting virus, Prune brown line virus, Prunus stem pitting virus, Red currant mosaic virus, Tobacco ringspot virus 2, Winter peach mosaic virus
Worldwide
Widespread, primarily along the Pacific coast, NY, PA
Korea, Mexico, Thailand
2022-11-07 17:26:14
Natural spread is confined to areas where there are moderate to high populations of nematode vectors belonging to the genus Xiphinema. Requires the nematode to spread. Seed transmission only shown in strawberry and raspberry in nature.
Wide host range, primarily ornamentals and fruit trees. Vegetable crops infected are listed below. Not known to infect grains and grasses
No
TORSV0-3,TORSV0-4,
Seed is not known to be a pathway.
TORSV0-3,TORSV0-4,
Tobacco mosaic virus
virus
TMV U1, type, Vulgare or Common strain
tobacco mosaic tobamovirus,
VMT (Virus mosaique de tabac)
Worldwide
Widespread
Mexico
2023-08-21 16:58:52
Broad host range. Cultivated species listed below.
No
TMV000-4,TMV000-11,
Pathway not proven. Only one reference found indicating that seed maybe a pathway but no other references we're found.
TMV000-4,TMV000-11,
No seed test described for Tobacco mosaic virus in eggplant, ELISA and Bioassay commonly applied to other crops. Tests not validated or standardized for eggplant.
No seed treatments described for eggplant. Seed disinfectants, such as Trisodium orthophosphate followed by sodium hypochlorite treatment and HCl soaks have been applied.
Tomato bushy stunt virus
virus
Lycopersicon virus 4
Australia, Limited distribution elsewhere but worldwide.
Limited distribution in CA
Mexico, Thailand, Korea
2022-09-21 20:33:55
Capsicum annuum, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum melongena, trees, ornamentals, tulips, annual poa grasses
No
TBSV00-3,
No references found indicating seed is a pathway in eggplant.
TBSV00-3,
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. http://www.worldseed.org, Nyon, Switzerland
Tomato spotted wilt virus
virus
Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus, Tomato spotted wilt virus group
Worldwide
Widespread
2023-08-21 17:00:09
Seed is not a pathway for Tospoviruses, including Tomato spotted wilt virus
Wide host range. Over 800 plant species are known hosts. Primarily ornamentals,flowers. No evidence that small grains or corn are hosts.
No
TSWV00-1,TSWV00-2,TSWV00-3,
Seed is not a pathway for Tospoviruses, including Tomato spotted wilt virus
TSWV00-1,TSWV00-2,TSWV00-3,
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. www.pestlist.worldseed.org
Kormelink R. 2005. Tomato spotted wilt virus Datasheet 412. Description of Plant Viruses Online. 2016. www.dpvweb.net.
Pythium vexans
fungus
Pythium complectens, Phytopythium vexans, Pythium allantocladon, Pythium ascophallon, Pythium piperinum, Ovatisporangium vexans, Pythium euthyphyphon, Pythium polycladon
Africa, Asia, Europe, Guatemala, Caribbean, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, Chile, South Korea, New Zealand, Canada
HI, OK, CA, NC, MD, VA, DE, PA, NJ, WA, TN, LA, WI, IA
Korea
2023-08-21 16:48:58
Primarily affecting seedlings and roots and is transmitted mainly through infested soil. Seed is not known to be a pathway for any host. Zoospores of this fungus can swim in open water for a short distance. This pathogen has been reported in S. Korea. Korea lists this pathogen as Phytopythium vexans
Wide host range
No
PYTHVE-1,PYTHVE-3,
Seed is not known to be a pathway for any host.
PYTHVE-1,PYTHVE-3,
Tomato torrado virus
virus
Morocco, South Africa, Italy, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Panama, Australia, Colombia
Not known to occur
Korea, Thailand
2021-05-18 17:46:36
Whitefly transmitted virus
pepper, tomato, eggplant
No
No references found indicating seed is a pathway.
Pepino mosaic virus
virus
Pepino mosaic potexvirus, PepMV
Worldwide
AL, AZ, CA, CO, FL, MD, MN, OK, TX
Korea, Thailand
2021-05-03 16:50:42
Probably in all tomato production areas
tomato, eggplant, potato, melon pear, pepino melon
No
No references found indicating seed is a pathway. Chlorotic spots were detected after artificial inoculation of eggplant (PEPMV0-4), but no reports of eggplant being a natural host for this virus were found.
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus
virus
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi begomovirus, ToLCNDV
Algeria, Morocco, Seychelles, Tunisia, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Iran, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Estonia, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain
Not known to occur
Korea
2021-04-22 17:53:25
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus is transmitted by the whitefly. Seed transmission of ToLCNDV has not been reported.
tomato, eggplant, soybean, potato, cucurbits
No
TLCV-1,
Seed is not known to be a pathway.
TLCV-1,
Tobacco leaf curl virus. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci
bacterium
Bacterium angulatum, Bacterium tabaci, Bacterium tabacum, Chlorobacter angulatum, Chlorobacter tabaci, Phytomonas angulata, Phytomonas tabaci, Pseudomonas angulata, Pseudomonas tabaci, Xanthomonas tabaci
Worldwide
Eastern and southeastern states.
Thailand
2022-12-01 19:54:00
soybean, common bean, pea, pepper, cucumber, tomato, eggplant
No
PSDMTA-3,
No references found indicating seed is a pathway.
PSDMTA-3,
Richardson MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
Globodera pallida
nematode
Heterodera pallida
Northern Africa, South Africa, Europe, Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, New Zealand, South America, Mexico
Idaho
Korea
2021-04-16 17:35:10
Primarily a pest of potato and is spread by potato seed pieces and other propagative material. True seed is not known to be a pathway for cyst nematodes.
potato, tomato, eggplant
No
HETDPA-1,
Seed is not known to be a pathway for cyst nematodes.
HETDPA-1,
Potato cyst nematode is controlled by strict field management and testing of seed pieces in infested areas.
Globodera pallida. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Globodera rostochiensis
nematode
Heterodera rostochiensis, Heterodera schachtii rostochiensis, Heterodera schachtii solani
Worldwide
DE, NY
Korea
2021-04-20 18:48:00
Primarily a pest of potato and is spread by potato seed pieces and other propagative material. True seed is not known to be a pathway for cyst nematodes.
potato, tomato, eggplant
No
HETDRO-1,
Seed is not known to be a pathway for cyst nematodes.
HETDRO-1,
Field management and testing of seed pieces are commonly used to prevent potato cyst nematode.
Globodera rostochiensis. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc. In:
Meloidogyne mayaguensis
nematode
Brazil, Venezuela, Cuba, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Martinique, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, Switzerland, China, Vietnam, Burkina Faso, South Africa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Malawi, Senegal, Togo
FL, NC
Korea
2021-04-26 18:35:41
Seed is not known to be a pathway for Meloidogyne spp. root knot nematodes (MELGMY-2).
eggplant, pepper, tomato
No
MELGMY-1,MELGMY-3,MELGMY-2,
Seed is not known to be a pathway
MELGMY-1,MELGMY-3,MELGMY-2,
Meloidogyne mayaguensis. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
Lammers, W., Karssen, G., Jellema, P., Baker, R., Hockland, S., Fleming, C. and Turner, S. (2006). Meloidogyne minor Pest Risk Assessment. 08-14648 PPM Point 7.3. Plant Protection Services (NL) and Central Science Laboratory (UK). 52pp. (https://www.eppo.int...)
Eggplant mottle crinkle virus
virus
Lebanon
Not known to occur
Korea
2021-04-14 21:11:42
Mechanically transmitted. All information from VIDE PVO
eggplant
No
No references found indicating seed is a pathway.
Nacobbus aberrans
nematode
Anguillulina aberrans, Nacobbus batatiformis, Nacobbus bolivianus, Nacobbus serendipiticus, Nacobbus serendipiticus bolivianus, Pratylenchus aberrans
Egypt, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, Mexico
AR, CO, KS, MT, NE, SD, UT, WY
Korea
2023-08-21 22:10:17
Seed is not known to be a pathway for this nematode in any host.
potato, vegetables
No
NACOBA-1,
Seed is not known to be a pathway for this nematode in any host.
NACOBA-1,
Nacobbus aberrans. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Eggplant mottled dwarf virus
virus
Tomato vein yellowing virus, Eggplant mottled dwarf nucleorhabdovirus, Hibiscus vein yellowing virus, Pelargonium vein clearing virus, Pittosporum vein clearing virus, Pittosporum vein yellowing virus, Tomato vein clearing virus
North Africa, Afghanistan, Iran, Israel, Europe, Australia and Japan
Not known to occur
Mexico, Korea
2023-08-21 22:08:19
This virus is not known to be seed borne (CABI CPC)
Primarily eggplant. Other solanacious and cucurbit crops, and ornamentals that are propagated have been reported as minor hosts.
No
EMDV00-1,ISF RPLD,
Eggplant is the primary host of this virus. Seed is not known to be a pathway. Primarily transmitted by leafhoppers.
EMDV00-1,ISF RPLD,
Cucumber mosaic virus
virus
banana infectious chlorosis virus, banana mosaic virus, coleus mosaic virus, common mosaic virus, cowpea banding mosaic virus, cowpea ringspot virus, cucumber mosaic cucumovirus, cucumber yellow mosaic virus, cucumis virus 1, lily ringspot virus, pea top necrosis virus, peanut yellow mosaic virus, southern celery mosaic virus, soybean stunt virus, spinach blight virus, tomato fern leaf virus
worldwide
widespread
Brazil
CMV affects a wide range of crops. Seed can be a pathway in certain hosts. Transmission is normally by aphids. This virus has been reported in Brazil.
wide host range. Primarily Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae, and Araceae families. Capsicum annuum, Cucumis sativus, Dioscorea, and Solanum lycopersicum are also primary hosts.
No
ISF RPLD,CABI CPC,RICH ISTA,
Pathway not proven. CMV can be found on eggplant crops, but no references were found indicating seed as a pathway.
ISF RPLD,CABI CPC,RICH ISTA,
Seed tests for other hosts have been described. No references found describing a seed health test for this host.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Richardson, MJ. 1990. An Annotated List of Seedborne Diseases. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich Switzerland.
Search the database