Lactuca sativa
lettuce
27 Related Pests
Tobacco streak virus
virus
Annulus orae, Asparagus stunt virus, Black raspberry latent ilarvirus, Datura quercina virus, New logan virus, Micotiana virus 8, Nicotiana virus vulaerans, Tobacoo streak ilarvirus, Tracttus orea
Worldwide
CA, CO, FL ID IA, KT, MA, MI, MN, NC, OH, OK, OR, PA, WA, WI
Korea, Thailand
2022-11-04 18:19:53
Requires thrips to transmit from plant to plant.
Extensive host range includes many weeds, fruit and ornamental plant species. Over 70 species reported as hosts. The vegetables and agronomic crops listed below are important hosts of Tobacco streak virus
No
TSV000-1,TSV000-8,
Seed as a pathway is not known to occur.
TSV000-1,TSV000-8,
Tomato black ring virus
virus
Lettuce Ringspot Virus, Bean Ringspot Virus, Beet Ringspot Virus, Celery Yellow Vein Virus, Lettuce Ringspot Virus,Potato Bouquet Virus, Potato Pseudo-Aucuba Virus,Tomato Black Ring Nepovirus
India, Japan, Turkey, throughout Europe
Not known to occur
China, Korea, Mexico, Thailand
2022-11-03 18:40:04
Wide host range reported. Requires the Dagger nematode to transmit this virus
Wide host range, however many are experimental only. Important crops listed below.
No
TBRV00-4,ISF RPLD,TBRV00-2,TBRV00-3,
Pathway not proven. Older literature (TBRV00-2, TBRV00-3) lists seed as a possible pathway, but no evidence of seed transmission was presented for this host. Clear evidence of natural seed transmission was not found.
TBRV00-4,ISF RPLD,TBRV00-2,TBRV00-3,
Murant AF, 1983. Seed and pollen transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Seed Science and Technology, 11:973-987.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
Lister RM, Murant AF, 1967. Seed-transmission of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:49-62.
Murant AF, Lister RM, 1967. Seed-transmission in the ecology of nematode-borne viruses. Annals of Applied Biology, 59:63-76.
Pseudomonas syringae pv aptata
bacterium
Bacterium aptatum, Chlorobacter aptatus, Phytomonas aptata, Pseudomonas aptata
Asia, Australia, Europe, India, Iran, North and South Korea, New South Wales, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom
CA, MA, OR, PA, UT, VA, WA
China
2021-04-26 20:48:00
swiis chard, sugar beets
No
No references found indicating seed is a pathway.
Rhodococcus fascians
bacterium
Corynebacterium fascians, Bacterium fascians, Phytomonas fascians, Pseudobacterium fascians, Rhodococcus rubropertinctus
Europe, North America, Central America, Australia, New Zealand, Iran, Russia, Egypt, Colombia
Widespread
Brazil, Thailand
2023-08-21 16:50:36
Though found in many US states, the pathogen is usually restricted and localized. Probably Worldwide, though not reported. Disease outbreaks are sporadic and usually related to poor sanitation. Bulbs, floral and greenhouse crops most susceptible to disease outbreaks. No reports of seed as a pathway in vegetables and agronomic crops.
Primarily a pest of ornamentals, woody ornamentals and floowers. Vegetables and agronomic crops reported susceptible to the bacterium are listed below. Transmits primarily through propagation.
No
CORBFA-2
Lettuce may be a host for this pathogen, though not common. No references found indicating seed is a pathway.
CORBFA-2
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
Candidatus phytoplasma asteris
phytoplasma
Worldwide
Widespread
2021-11-15 19:27:42
AY phytoplasmas are not seed transmissable and seed is not a pathway in any host.
Wide host range, primarily herbaceous dicots, though strains infect monocots and woody ornamentals
No
PHY01-1,PHY01-2,
Seed is not a pathway for AY phytoplasmas
PHY01-1,PHY01-2,
Mycocentrospora acerina
fungus
Centrospora acerina, Cercospora acerina
China, Japan, Chile, Bulgaria, France , Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom
WA, AK, CA, GA, NC
Brazil, China
2022-04-13 18:00:16
celery, carrot, lettuce, caraway. Weeds are common hosts
No
MYCCAC-5,mycc
Seed is not known to be a pathway. No references found indicating seed is a pathway.
MYCCAC-5,mycc
Verticillium albo-atrum
fungus
Verticillium albo-atrum var. caespitosum, Verticillium albo-atrum var. tuberosum
Worldwide, primarily in cool temperate climates and in potato producing areas
Widespread, especially in northern states
China, Thailand
2022-11-11 17:40:00
Many reports of Verticillium albo-atrum in crops reported prior to 1970 may have actually been Verticillium dahlia. Only lucerne, potatoes, tomatoes and hops are considered important hosts. This pathogen has been reported in China
Wide host range. An important pathogen of potatoes.
No
VERTAA-9,ISF RPLD,
There is no evidence that lettuce is a host for this pathogen. Though seed is listed as a pathway in one reference, the research cited actually used a Verticillium dahlia strain from lettuce seed. Verticillium dahlia is the primary pathogen causing verticillium wilt in lettuce.
VERTAA-9,ISF RPLD,
Verticillium dahliae
fungus
Verticillium ovatum, Verticillium trachiephilum
Worldwide
Widespread
China
2022-11-11 18:36:13
Prevalent in China
Wide host range (ornamentals, vegetables, agronomic). Isolated from some small grains but not pathogenic on small grains
Yes
VERTDA-3,VERTDA-26,
Verticillium dahliae is a ubiquitous soilborne fungus with a wide host range. Seedborne transmission was shown experimentally under greenhouse conditions, however, the role of seed as a pathway in the epidemiology of the disease has limited importance. The impact of other sources in proximity to lettuce and seed infection of nearby weeds has been shown to be a more important aspect of the disease epidemiology.
VERTDA-3,VERTDA-26,
Blotter Incubation
VERTDA-3,
This method has not been validated or standardized
Vallad, G.E., Bhat, R.G., Koike, S.T., Ryder, E.J. and Subbarao, K.V. (2005). Weedborne reservoirs and seedborne transmission of Verticillium dahliae in lettuce. Plant Disease, 89, 317-324.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. www.pestlist.worldseed.org. Nyon, Switzerland
Didymella ligulicola
fungus
Mycosphaerella ligulicola, Stagonosporopsis chrysanthemi, Ascochyta chrysanthemi, Phoma chrysanthemi, Phoma ligulicola var. ligulicola, Phoma ligulicola, Stagonosporopsis ligulicola var. ligulicol, Didymella ligulicola var. ligulicola, Stagonosporopsis ligulicola
Japan, Swaziland, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea
CA, CT, DE, FL, GA, NC, NJ, OR, RI, SC, VA
China, Korea
2022-03-01 21:58:26
Primarily dispersed by infected cuttings, plants, flowers. Seed is not known to be a pathway for any host.
Primarily asters and chrysanthemum. Reported in lettuce, sunflower, chicory, endive, escarole, radicchio, Belgian endive,
Italian dandelion, globe artichokes
No
MYCOLG-1,
Seed is not known to be a pathway. Lettuce is a minor host of the pathogen
MYCOLG-1,
Didymella ligulicola In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Tobacco ringspot virus
virus
Anemone necrosis virus, Annulus tabaci, Blueberry necrotic ringspot virus, Nicotiana virus 12, Soybean bud blight virus, Tobacco Brazilian streak virus, Tobacco ringspot nepovirus, Tobacco ringspot virus No. 1
Worldwide
Widespread
Korea, China
2022-09-22 18:37:27
Nepovirus. Requires the Xiphinema americanum nematode for transmission. This pest has been reported to be in Korea.
Extensive host range includes many weed, fruit and ornamental plant species. The vegetables and agronomic crops listed below are important
No
TORSXX-6,
Pathway not proven. Seed transmission from artificially inoculated plants only. No evidence of seed is a pathway in nature or from natural infections in this crop.
TORSXX-6,
Grogan, RG, and Schnathorst, WC, 1955. Tobacco ringspot virus-The cause of lettuce calico. Plant Disease Reporter 39: 803-806
Broad bean wilt virus
virus
Broad bean wilt fabavirus, Catalpa chlorotic leaf spot virus, Nasturtium ringspot virus, Nasturtium white spot virus, Pea streak virus, Patchouli mild mosaic virus, Patchouli mild mottle virus, Petunia ringspot virus, Tropaeolum ringspot virus, Plantago II virus
Worldwide
FL, MN, NY, OH, VT, SC, WI
Mexico
2021-04-01 18:06:48
MX Organic List for beet and spinach. Only artificial inoculation of faba bean has resulted in possible seed transmission. Not known to be common in nature. BBWV is not known to be seed borne in other crops.
Broad bean wilt virus has been reported in natural infections of 180 species of 41 plant families and thus has a very extensive natural host range. Occurs primarily in Eurpoe and Asia
No
BBWV00-1,DVP WEB,
Seed is not known to be a pathway.
BBWV00-1,DVP WEB,
Tomato ringspot virus
virus
Tomato ringspot nepovirus, Blackberry (Himalaya) mosaic virus, Euonymus chlorotic ringspot virus, Euonymus ringspot virus, Grape yellow vein virus, Grapevine yellow vein virus, Nicotiana 13 virus, Peach stem pitting virus, Prune brown line virus, Prunus stem pitting virus, Red currant mosaic virus, Tobacco ringspot virus 2, Winter peach mosaic virus
Worldwide
Widespread, primarily along the Pacific coast, NY, PA
Korea, Mexico, Thailand
2022-11-07 17:26:14
Natural spread is confined to areas where there are moderate to high populations of nematode vectors belonging to the genus Xiphinema. Requires the nematode to spread. Seed transmission only shown in strawberry and raspberry in nature.
Wide host range, primarily ornamentals and fruit trees. Vegetable crops infected are listed below. Not known to infect grains and grasses
No
TORSV0-2,TORSV0-5,
No references found indicating lettuce is infected by this virus
TORSV0-2,TORSV0-5,
Brunt, AA, Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, MJ, Gibbs, AJ, Watson, L. and Zurcher, EJ. (eds.). Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database, Version: 16th 1997. http://bio-mirror.im.ac.cn/mirrors/pvo/vide/refs.htm
Richardson, MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Diseases. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich Switzerland
Lettuce mosaic virus
virus
Lactuca virus 1
lettuce, Mosaic potyvirus
lettuce virus 1, Marmor lactucae
Worldwide, where lettuce is grown.
CA, CO, FL, ID, NY, OH, OR, PA, SC, WA, WI
Mexico
2022-03-22 18:27:45
Lettuce mosaic virus is known to infect a wide range of plants, primarily in the Asteraceae family but seed as a pathway is only known in lettuce.
lettuce, spinach, pea, chicory, endive, chickpea, safflower
Yes
LMV000-4,LMV000-7,
Seed as a pathway in lettuce is well documented and accepted.
ELISA
LMV000-4,LMV000-7,
ELISA, PCR, Grow out
LMV000-5,LMV000-8,LMV000-12,LMV000-2,
The NSHS standard test for Lettuce mosaic virus is ELISA.
Indexed and certified seed. Seed production companies utilize a combination of field mitigation and seed testing to control this virus
LMV000-6,LMV000-14,
A heat treatment for seed exists but is impractical for large-scale seed treatment. However, it is adviseable to use this on small amounts of seed such as those used by seed companies for increase and breeding purposes.
Dinant S, Lot H, 1992. Lettuce mosaic virus. Plant Pathology, 41:528-542
Shukla DD, Ward CW, Brunt AA, 1994. The Potyviridae. CAB International, Wallingford, UK; , 516 pp.
Kimble KA, Grogan RG, Greathead AS, Paulus AO, House JK, 1975. Development, application, and comparison of methods for indexing lettuce seed for mosaic virus in California. Plant Disease reporter, 59:461-464
Falk BW, Purcifull DE, 1983. Development and application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test to index lettuce seeds for lettuce mosaic virus in Florida. Plant Disease, 67:413-416
Firmino, A.C.; Krause-Sakate, R.; Pavan, M. A.; da Silva, N.; Hanai, S. M.; Anbo, R. H.; Nietzsche, T.; Le Gall, O. Prevalence of Lettuce mosaic virus - common strain on three lettuce producing areas from São Paulo State. Summa phytopathol. vol.34 no.2 Botucatu Apr./June 2008
Lettuce mosaic virus Seed Health Method Lcb 8.2. 2015. The National Seed Health System, www.seedhealth.org
Grogan RG, 1983. Lettuce mosaic virus control by use of virus-indexed seed. Seed Science and Technology, 11:1043-1049.
Walkey DGA, Dance MC, 1979. High temperature inactivation of seedborne lettuce mosaic virus. Plant Disease Reporter, 63:125-129
Tomato spotted wilt virus
virus
Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus, Tomato spotted wilt virus group
Worldwide
Widespread
2023-08-21 17:00:09
Seed is not a pathway for Tospoviruses, including Tomato spotted wilt virus
Wide host range. Over 800 plant species are known hosts. Primarily ornamentals,flowers. No evidence that small grains or corn are hosts.
No
TSWV00-1,TSWV00-2,
Seed is not a pathway for Tospoviruses, including Tomato spotted wilt virus
TSWV00-1,TSWV00-2,
Microdochium panattonianum
fungus
Ascochyta suberosa, Didymaria perforans, Marssonia panattoniana, Marssonia perforans, Marssonina panattoniana
Worldwide, primarily North America, Europe, Australia
AK, CA, FL, ID, MI, NC, OR TX, WA
2021-04-28 17:44:37
The primary inoculum is soilborne
endive, lettuce
No
MARSPA-3,MARSPA-4,MARSPA-5,RICH ISTA,
Pathway not proven. Seed as a pathway has been evaluated by artificially inoculated seed and seed harvested from infected plants. Neither technique resulted in infected seedlings. Seed as a pathway has been discounted and other sources of inoculum are considered more important in the epidemiology of the disease.
MARSPA-3,MARSPA-4,MARSPA-5,RICH ISTA,
Yes, Thiram slurry
MARSPA-5,
Produce lettuce seed in dry climates where Microdochium panattonianum is not disease problem.
Davis, R.M., Subbarao, K.V., Raid, R.N., and Kurtz, E.A. 1997. Compendium for lettuce diseases. American Phytopathological Society: St. Paul, Minnesota (USA).
Galea VJ, Price TV, 1988. Infection of lettuce by Microdochium panattonianum. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 91:419-425
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. www.pestlist.worldseed.org. Nyon, switzerland
Richardson, MJ. 1990. An Annotated List of Seedborne Diseases. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich Switzerland.
Arabis mosaic virus
virus
Arabis mosaic nepovirus, Ash ring and line pattern virus, Forsythia yellow net virus, Hop nettlehead virus,Jasmine yellow blotch virus, Raspberry yellow dwarf virus, Rhabarber mosaik virus (rhubarb mosaic virus), Rhubarb mosaic virus
Worldwide
CT, FL, MI, MN, MO, NE, NY, OH, SC
Mexico, China, Korea, Brazil, Thailand
2022-10-08 00:16:31
This virus has been reported in Mexico, China (CABI, 2017), but natural spread may be limited to EU (Murant, 1974).
Wide host range including many vegetable, agronomic and fruit species
No
ARMV00-3,ARMV00-6,ARMV00-7,ARMV00-4,
Pathway not proven. Murant (ARMV00-3) lists Arabis mosaic virus as seed borne in lettuce, no evidence presented: Mandahar (ARMV00-4) concluded seed transmission of Arabis mosaic virus in field uncommon. Walkey (ARMV00-6) showed seed transmission when plants are inoculated artificially, no evidence that Arabis mosaic virus that seed is a pathway in nature.
ARMV00-3,ARMV00-6,ARMV00-7,ARMV00-4,
Murant. 1983. Seed and Pollen Transmission of Nematode-borne viruses. Seed Sci and Technol. 11:973-987
Walkey, 1967. Seed Transmission of Arabis Mosaic Virus in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Plant Dis. Rept. 883-884
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. www.pestlist.worldseed.org. Nyon Switzerkand
Mandahar, CL. 1981. Virus Transmission through seed and pollen. In, Plant Diseases and Vectors, Maramorosch, K and Harris, KF, ed. Acedemic Press.
Beet western yellows virus
virus
Brassica virus 5, Malva yellows virus, Radish yellows virus, Turnip mild yellows virus, Turnip yellows virus
Worldwide
CA, OR, WA
Korea
2021-04-01 18:43:54
Primarily in CA, OR, WA, but probably widespread. Luteovirus, phloem limited viruses are not typically seed transmitted.
Wide host range. Important crop species listed below
No
BWYV00-1,DVP WEB,
Seed is not known to be a pathway in any host of Beet western yellow virus.
BWYV00-1,DVP WEB,
Impatiens necrotic spot virus
virus
Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus, Impatiens strain
Worldwide
Widespread
Korea
2021-04-20 19:25:01
The virus is closely related to Tomato spotted wilt virus and a member of the Tospovirus group of viruses which are thrip transmitted. Seed transmission is unlikely and not reported for any host.
Moderately wide natural host range, including many ornamentals. Vegetable, agronomic and important grass and flower species listed below.
No
INSV00-1,INSV00-2,INSV00-3,
Thrip transmitted in nature. Seed is not known to be a pathway.
INSV00-1,INSV00-2,INSV00-3,
Difficult to control. Field control must consider the virus and the vector for success.
Impatiens necrotic spot virus. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Kormelink R, Peters D and Goldbach R. 1998. Tospovirus genus. Descirption of Plant Viruses; dvpweb.net.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. www.pestlist.worldseed.org
Tobacco rattle virus
virus
Aster ringspot virus, Belladonna mosaic virus,Paeony mosaic virus, Paeony ringspot virus,Peony mosaic virus, Peony ringspot virus,Potato corky ringspot virus, Potato stem mottle virus,Ratel virus, Spinach yellow mottle virus, Tabakmauche Virus, Tabakstreifen und Kra, Tobacco rattle tobravirus,Tulip white streak virus
Worldwide
Widespread
Korea
2021-04-22 17:52:01
Transmitted in nature primarily by trichodorus and paratrichodorus nematodes. Seed is only known to be a pathway in some weed species.
Extensive host range
No
TRV000-1,TRV000-2,TRV000-3,
Lettuce is a known host of Tobacco rattle virus, though disease problems are rare. No references found indicating that lettuce seed is a pathway for this virus.
TRV000-1,TRV000-2,TRV000-3,
Tobacco rattle virus. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. www.pestlist.worldseed.org
Richardson, MJ., 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Diseases. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich Switzerland
Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae
bacterium
Many
Worldwide
Widespread
Thailand, China, Korea
2022-12-01 19:52:31
Seed is known to be a pathway on several crops. Thailand lists this pathogen as prohibited on corn. China lists this pathogen (Pseudomonas oryzicola) as prohibited on rice.
Wide host range. Important vegetable and agronomic crops listed below.
No
PSDMSY-2,
No references found indicating lettuce is a host for this pathogen.
PSDMSY-2,
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon, Switzerland
Pseudomonas cichorii
bacterium
Bacterium cichorii, Bacterium endiviae, Bacterium formosanum, Chlorobacter cichorii, Phytomonas cichorii, Phytomonas endiviae,Pseudomonas endiviae Kotte, Pseudomonas formosanum, Pseudomonas papaveris, Pseudomonas papaveris
Worldwide
Widespread, localized outbreaks
Thailand
2022-12-01 19:43:10
Pseudomonas cichorii has been shown to survive on artificially inoculated lettuce seeds. Many references have reported P. cichorii as seed transmitted, but despite field observation of early infections in hosts, there is no experimental data on transmission by seed.
Primarily lettuce, endive and other Asteraceae species.
No
PSDMCI-2,PSDMCI-3,
Pathway not proven. Pseudomonas cichorii has been shown to survive on artificially inoculated lettuce seeds (PSDMCI-3). Many references have reported P. cichorii as seed transmitted, but despite field observation of early infections in hosts, there is no experimental data on transmission by seed.
PSDMCI-2,PSDMCI-3,
Seed wash
PSDMCI-2,
This test is commercially available, however the test has not been standardized or validated. Seed as a pathway has not been proven.
Only cultural controls in the field are effective (irrigation control, plant density, weed control, etc.)
PSDMCI-2,
Seed production in dry climates are unfavorable for this pathogen. Only cultural controls in the field are effective (irrigation control, plant density, weed control, etc.)
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon, Switzerland
Ohata, K.I., Tsuchiya, Y. and Shirata, A. (1979). Difference in kinds of pathogenic bacteria causing head rot of lettuce of different cropping types. Annals of the Phytopathogenic Society of Japan 45, 333-338.
Tomato infectious chlorosis virus
virus
Tomato infectious chlorosis closterovirus
Asia, Tunisia, Europe, Mexico
Reported in CA, NC
Korea
2022-09-21 21:02:34
Whitefly transmitted virus. Phloem limited Criniviruses are not known to be seed transmitted. Not to be confused with Tomato chlorosis virus, a closely related Crinivirus.
tomato, potato, petunia
No
TICV00-2,
Lettuce has been identified as an occasional host, but references confirming this have not been found. No references found indicating seed is a pathway. Seed transmission is not known to occur in Criniviruses or other members of the Closteroviridae family.
TICV00-2,
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. www.pestlist.worldseed.org
Septoria lactucae
fungus
Ascochyta lactucae, Sherf, Septoria lactucicola, Septoria consimilis
Worldwide
Widespread
Korea
2021-04-27 17:18:48
This pathogen has been reported in Korea.
lettuce
Yes
SEPTLA-1,SEPTLA-2,
Seed as a pathway is well established and accepted.
SEPTLA-1,SEPTLA-2,
Blotter Incubation; Seed wash and visual examination
SEPTLA-1,
These tests have not been standardized or validated.
Hot water treatmentÂ
SEPTLA-2,SEPTLA-1,
Seed production in arid climates with little rainfall limit the risk of Septoria contamination.
Nacobbus aberrans
nematode
Anguillulina aberrans, Nacobbus batatiformis, Nacobbus bolivianus, Nacobbus serendipiticus, Nacobbus serendipiticus bolivianus, Pratylenchus aberrans
Egypt, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, Mexico
AR, CO, KS, MT, NE, SD, UT, WY
Korea
2023-08-21 22:10:17
Seed is not known to be a pathway for this nematode in any host.
potato, vegetables
No
NACOBA-1,NACOBA-2,
Seed is not known to be a pathway for this nematode in any host.
NACOBA-1,NACOBA-2,
Alternaria alternata
fungus
Alternaria tenuis, Alternaria tenuissima, many others
Worldwide
Widespread
Korea
2022-09-13 19:18:44
Korea listed this pathogen as Alternaria spp. A. alternata, A. tenuis and A. tenuissima have all been reported in Korea. A. alternata has often been found on seed in laboratory testing. There is little evidence of seed transmission. This fungus is ubiquitous and often of minor importance in its hosts.
Wide host range
No
ALTEAL-4,ALTEAL-26,ALTEAL-26,ALTEAL-27,ALTEAL-29,
Pathway not proven. A. alternata has been reported on lettuce but usually not considered a pathogen of lettuce. A. alternata has been found on seed, in laboratory surveys but, no references were found indicating seed transmission. A. alternata is not described as a pathogen in the latest version of the Compendium of Lettuce Diseases and Pests (ALTEAL-27)
ALTEAL-4,ALTEAL-26,ALTEAL-26,ALTEAL-27,ALTEAL-29,
Blotter incubation
ALTEAL-26,
Blotter incubation was used in surveys. This method has not been standardized or validated.
ALTEAL-1,
Seed treatments affective against A. alternata have been described for other hosts.
Richardson MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
Muniz, PH, Marques, MG, Peixoto, GHS, Simão, KG and Carvalho, DDC. 2018. Morphological characterization of Alternaria alternata associated on iceberg lettuce seeds cv. 'Astra'. Revista de Agricultura Neotropical 5:82-86
Subbarao KV, Davis RM, GilbertsonRL, and Raid RN. 2017. PART I: Infectious Diseases. Compendium of Lettuce Diseases and Pests, Second Edition. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, USA
Chen W and Hoáubowicz R. 2010. Effect of Treating Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Seeds with Solutions of Ethereal Oils From Camphor Tree (Cinnamomum camphora L.) and Patchouli Plant (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) on Their Germination. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 9: 69-83
Alternaria alternata. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Lettuce big-vein virus
virus
Lettuce big vein-virus
Worldwide
Widespread in cultivated lettuce areas
Korea
2021-08-02 20:32:16
Not considered a quarantine pest. Transmitted by the Olpidium brassicae fungus.
lettuce, endive
No
CABI CPC,LMV000-13
There is no evidence that this virus is seed borne. Vectored by the Olpidium brassicae fungus.
CABI CPC,LMV000-13
Alfalfa mosaic virus
virus
Alfalfa virus 1 and 2, Lucerne mosaic virus, Marmor medicaginis, Potato calico virus, Tomato necrotic tip curl, Alfalfa yellow spot
Worldwide
Widespread
Sudan, Mexico
2022-09-13 19:10:36
Wide host range
No
ISF RPLD,AMV000-9,
Lettuce is an infrequent host of this virus. There is no evidence that seed is a pathway.
ISF RPLD,AMV000-9,
International Seed Federation Regulated Pest List Database. pestlist.worldseed.org Nyon Switzerland
Gilbertson, RL. 2017. Alfalfa Mosaic Virus. In, Compendium of Lettuce Diseases and Pests, Second Edition Eds. K. V. Subbarao, R. M. Davis, R. L. Gilbertson and R. N. Raid American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN USA
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