Avena sativa
oat
30 Related Pests
Peronosclerospora philippinensis
fungus
Peronospora sacchar, Sclerospora phillipinensis, Sclerospora indica, Sclerospora maydis
Primarily tropical Asia (India, China, Thailand, Nepal, Taiwan), Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, South Africa, Congo, Mauritius, Great Britain
Not known occur. Reports of pathogen in the US have not been verified (PRSCPH-4)
Mexico
2023-08-21 22:10:56
Downing mildew caused by Peronsclerospora phillippensis is primarily a disease of tropical Asia and Africa.
corn, sorghum, surgarcane, oat. Many grass species also reported as hosts.
No
No references found indicating seed is a pathway.
Ditylenchus dipsaci
nematode
Anguillula devastatrix, Anguillula dipsaci, Anguillula secalis, Anguillulina dipsaci,Anguillulina dipsaci var. communis, Ditylenchus allocotus, Ditylenchus amsinckiae, Ditylenchus dipsaci var. tobaensis, Ditylenchus fragariae,Ditylenchus sonchophila, Ditylenchus trifolii, Tylenchus allii Tylenchus devastator, Tylenchus devastatrix
Tylenchus dipsaci, Tylenchus havensteini, Tylenchus hyacinthi, Tylenchus putrefaciens
Worldwide in temperate climates.
Widespread
Brazil
2023-05-05 19:09:29
Ditylenchus dipsaci is known to attack over 450 different plant species, including many weeds. There are approximately 20 biological races known that tend to prefer certain hosts.
No
DITYDI-1,DITYDI-6,
Pathway not proven. Though one reference indicates infested seed were used in eradication experiments, there was no information on how infested seeds were obtained. There were no other references found to verify seed pathway.
DITYDI-1,DITYDI-6,
Sieve Method
CABI CPC,
Used for research. This method has not been standardized or validated.
Neergaard, P. 1977. Seed Pathology Volume 1. McMillian Press, London, UK 839pp
Tenente, R.C.V., et. al., 1999. Investigation-Research: Techniques to Eradicate Plant Parasitic Nematodes from Infested Maize, Oat and Rice Seeds. Nematropica, pp.17-24.
Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens
bacterium
Bacterium atrofaciens, Phytomonas atrofaciens, Pseudomonas atrofaciens
Canada, Iran, Australia, New Zealand, Eastern Europe, Morocco, South Africa, Zimbabwe
AK, CO, IL, MN, MT, NY, ND, PA, VA,
China, Korea
2021-04-26 20:51:32
Not considered an important disease in the US. Very limited distribution.
Limited to small grains, though reported on tomato. Grasses may harbor the pathogen but no eivdence that this is a pathogen of grasses.
No
Pathway not proven. Seed is inferred as a pathway due to it probable role in wheat and barley, no references found indicating oat seed is a pathway.
Candidatus phytoplasma asteris
phytoplasma
Worldwide
Widespread
2021-11-15 19:27:42
AY phytoplasmas are not seed transmissable and seed is not a pathway in any host.
Wide host range, primarily herbaceous dicots, though strains infect monocots and woody ornamentals
No
PHY01-1,PHY01-2
Seed is not a pathway for AY phytoplasmas
PHY01-1,PHY01-2
Gaeumannomyces graminis var. avenae
fungus
Ophiobolus graminis var. avenae
South Africa, Australia, Europe, New Zealand, Japan, Netherlands, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Canada
Not known to occur
China
2021-04-15 17:01:32
oat
No
No references found indicating that seed is a pathway
Wheat streak mosaic virus
virus
Wheat streak mosaic potyvirus
Worldwide
Widespread in wheat regions
China, Korea, Chile
2023-08-25 20:34:14
The wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella,K.), is the only known vector for Wheat streak mosaic virus. When symptoms are present, confirm the causal agent with laboratory diagnoses. Symptoms of this disease may be similar to other viral diseases or inconspicuous under unfavorable climatic conditions or plant physiological stress, requiring thorough laboratory analysis. Latency resulting in asymptotic plants, though documented (WSMV00-4), is not common. Expression may vary with climatic conditions, plant genetics, physiological stress, and plant pathogen strain. Literature showing that random sampling of apparently healthy plants to detect latent populations of this pathogen has not been found.
Primarily a virus of wheat. Other grasses and grains, such as oats, rye, barley, and millet may act as reservoirs for the virus. Not common in maize, though it has been reported in some cultivars.
No
This crop may act as reservoirs for the mite vector and virus. No references found indicating seed is a pathway
High plains virus
virus
Wheat mosaic virus, Wheat high plains virus, Maize seed stripe virus, High plains wheat mosaic emaravirus
Argentina, Australia, Canada (AB), Chile, Iran, Ukraine,
Pacific Northwest, Midwest, FL
Chile, Korea
2023-08-29 19:17:54
Mite transmitted virus
oats, barley, wheat, rye, corn
No
WHPV00-7,
No evidence that seed is a pathway in this host. Only corn seed is known to be a pathway.
WHPV00-7,
Seifers, D.L., 2010. High Plains Disease. In, Compendium of Wheat Diseases and Pests, Third Edition, Eds. W. W. Bockus, R. L. Bowden, R. M. Hunger, W. L. Morrill, T. D. Murray and R. W. Smiley. The American Phytopathological Society. St. Paul, MN USA
Oat mosaic virus
virus
Oat mosaic potyvirus, Oat soil-borne mosaic virus
United Kingdom
Not known to occur
China
2022-04-13 18:11:04
Soil borne virus transmitted by the Polymyxa spp. fungi
oat
No
VIDE PVO,RICH ISTA,ICTVdB,DVP WEB,
Seed is not known to be a pathway. One reference indicating that this soil borne virus may be seed borne, however, the reference could not be confirmed and more recent references do not consider seed a pathway for this virus.
VIDE PVO,RICH ISTA,ICTVdB,DVP WEB,
Brunt, AA, Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, MJ, Gibbs, AJ, Watson, L. and Zurcher, EJ. (eds.). Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database, Version: 16th 1997. http://bio-mirror.im.ac.cn/mirrors/pvo/vide/refs.htm
Richardson, MJ. 1990. An Annotated List of Seedborne Diseases. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich Switzerland.
ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
Maize streak virus
virus
Sugarcane streak virus, Cereal African streak virus, Maize mottle virus,
Maize streak monogeminivirus
India, Indonesia, Yemen, widespread in Africa
Not known to occur.
Korea
2023-08-21 22:09:26
No evidence that seed is a pathway for this virus. Transmitted by leafhoppers only. Maize streak virus is a quaratine pest in the USA
corn, sugarcane, oat, barley, rye, sorghum, wheat, grasses (Poaceae family)
No
MSV000-1,MSV000-2,MSV000-3,
No evidence that seed is a pathway. Transmission by leafhoppers only
MSV000-1,MSV000-2,MSV000-3,
Maize Streak Virus. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Richardson, MJ. 1990. An Anotated List of Seed-Borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association. Zurich, Switzerland
Brunt, AA, Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, MJ, Gibbs, AJ, Watson, L. and Zurcher, EJ. (eds.). Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database, Version: 16th 1997. http://bio-mirror.im.ac.cn/mirrors/pvo/vide/refs.htm
Pseudomonas syringae pv. coronafaciens
bacterium
Bacterium coronafaciens, Chlorobacter coronafaciens, Phytomonas coronafaciens, Pseudomonas coronafaciens, Pseudomonas coronafaciens pv. zeae
Worldwide
AK, AR, MN, WI
Korea, Thailand
2021-04-26 20:54:39
oats, rye, barley, wheat, corn, other wild grasses
No
PSDMCO-1,PSDMCO-2,PSDMCO-4,
Pathway not proven. Though seed transmission is speculated, there are no reports of this pathogen being recovered from seed. Circumstantial evidence indicates possible seed infection by the pathogen. Conclusive proof of seed transmission is lacking because no control of infection from inoculum sources in the field was evident in the experimental design in these dated studies. Additionally, all references indicating seed as a possible pathway are published before 1960.
PSDMCO-1,PSDMCO-2,PSDMCO-4,
Pseudomonas syringae pv. coronafaciens In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Dickson JG, 1956. Diseases of Field Crops 2nd Ed. New York, USA: McGraw Hill Book Company, Inc. pg. 128
Griffiths DJ; Peregrine WTH, 1960. Control of halo blight of oats. Plant Pathology 9:10-14.
Cochliobolus spicifer
fungus
Bipolaris spicifera, Brachycladium spiciferum,Curvularia spicifera, Drechslera spicifera,Drechslera tetramera, Helminthosporium spiciferum
Worldwide
Widespread
Korea
2022-11-11 19:01:01
Primarily a leaf pathogen of grass. Only reported in sorghum in Kansas (COCHSI-2)
Wide, but primarily causing disease in grasses in nature. If not listed below, the presence of this pathogen on a host seems to be unimportant or a scientific curiosity.
No
COCHSI-3,COCHSI-4,
Pathway not proven. Richardson, (COCHSI-3) cites one reference from 1949 where seed may be a pathway. Cochliobolus spicifer is not a significant pathogen of small grains (COCHSI-4)
COCHSI-3,COCHSI-4,
Richardson MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
Zillinsky FJ, 1983. Common Diseases of Small Grain Cereals: A Guide to Identification. CIMMYT; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Mexico City, Mexico.
Phaeosphaeria avenaria f.sp. avenaria
fungus
Leptosphaeria avenaria, Leptosphaeria avenaria f.sp. avenae, Leptosphaeria avenaria f.sp. avenaria, Phaeosphaeria avenaria, Parastagonospora avenae, Septoria avenae, Septoria avenae f.sp. avenae, Septoria avenaria, Septoria avenaria f. sp. avenae, Stagonospora avenae
Worldwide
Widespread
China
2023-08-21 16:33:44
Parastagonospora avenae is the preferred name in the ARS GRIN.
Primarily oats, wheat, rye and barley to a lessor extent
No
PHSPAV-2,PHSPAV-4,
Pathway not proven. The pathogen has been found on seed in laboratory seed tests and some references indicate possible seed transmission, but it is not considered important in spread in nature. Seed is probably not important in epidemiology of the disease.
PHSPAV-2,PHSPAV-4,
Seed treatments
PHSPAV-1,
Primarily used to protect emerging seedlings from inoculum in debris.
Richardson MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
R. V. Clark RV and Zillinsky FJ. 1960.EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES ON THE SEPTORIA DISEASE OF OATS. Canadian Journal of Botany, 1960, 38(2): 93-102
Phaeosphaeria avenaria f.sp. avenaria In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Fusarium poae
fungus
Fusarium sporotrichiella, Fusarium sporotrichiella var. poae, Fusarium tricinctum f.sp. poae, Sporotrichum poae, Sporotrichum anthophilum.
Worldwide in temperate regions
Widespread, primarily in northern states
Korea
2022-04-06 18:21:35
One of many Fusarium spp. isolated from grains and grasses in temperate regions of the world.
pea, grains, corn, grasses. Reported on several vegetables under some conditions. Vegetables are not listed below as the fungus is primarily opportunistic and secondary.
No
FUSAPO-4,FUSAPO-7,
Pathway not proven. Though Fusarium poae is one of many species of fusaria reported on this host and if seed is not properly handled, conditioned and stored, conidia may be found on seeds. The fungus is commonly soil borne and there were no references found indicating that seed is an important means of spread.
FUSAPO-4,FUSAPO-7,
Seed treatments
Common seed production practices, careful harvest, seed cleaning, conditioning, seed treatment and proper storage should decrease any risk from this pathogen.
Kiecana, I.; Cegiełko, M.; Mielniczuk, E.; Perkowski, J 2012. The occurrence of Fusarium poae (Peck) Wollenw. on oat (Avena sativa L.) panicles and its harmfulness. Acta Agrobotanica 65:169-178.
Tekauz, A., McCallum, B., Ames, N., and Mitchell Fetch, J. 2004. Fusarium head blight of oat — current status in western Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 26:473-479.
Heterodera zeae
nematode
Primarily Asia, also reported in Egypt, Portugal, Greece
MD, VA, PA
Korea
2021-04-20 19:15:03
Cyst nematodes are root pathogens, Cyst nematode primarily move through flooding water and drainage. Movement of infected material and soil also important. Seed is not known to be a pathway.
Primarily corn, but reported on grains and grasses
No
HETDZE-1,
Seed is not known to be a pathway. Oat is a minor host of this nematode.
HETDZE-1,
Heterodora zeae In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Fusarium culmorum
fungus
Fusarium culmorum f. 1, Fusarium culmorum var. leteius, Fusarium culmorum var. majus, Fusarium roseum, Fusarium roseum cv. culmorum, Fusarium roseum f.sp. cerealis cv. culmorum, Fusisporium culmorum
Worldwide
Widespread
Korea
2022-11-22 19:13:51
A common soil inhabitant and strong sapropic ability on many crops. Usually causing disease problems on grains and grasses, especially with other pathogenic diseases or in saturated soils. Also produces mycotoxins.
Primarily grains and grasses. Reported on a wide range of hosts, but usually as a probable saprophyte. Only primary hosts listed below.
Yes
FUSACU-1,FUSACU-3,
Infection of seed grain of oat by Fusarium culmorum is well established and accepted. Fusarium culmorum in oat grain produces mycotoxins.
FUSACU-1,FUSACU-3,
Blotter Incubation
FUSACU-5,FUSACU-6,
Though blotter incubation assays are commonly used for fungal contamination of seed, no references were found indicating this test has been validated or standardized.
Seed treatments (chemical and biological)
FUSACU-1,
Fusarium culmorum In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Richardson MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
Limonard, T. (1966). A modified blotter test for seed health. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology, 72, 319–321.
Mead HW, Broadfoot WC, and Machacek JE, 1950. A Study of Some Seed-Borne Diseases of Cereals in Canada: I. Comparison of Seed Testing Methods. Scientific Agriculture. 30:350-360
Heterodera avenae
nematode
Bidera avenae, Bidera ustinovi, Heterodera major, Heterodera schachtii,Heterodera schachtii, Heterodera ustinovi
Worldwide
ID, OH, OR, WA
Korea
2021-04-20 19:08:49
Seed is not known to be a pathway for cyst nematodes (eelworms). Active dispersal is limited. Nematodes move through soil water matrix slowly.
grains, grasses, corn
No
HETDMA-1,
Seed is not a pathway for cyst nematodes.
HETDMA-1,
Heterodora avenae In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Foxtail mosaic virus
virus
Foxtail mosaic potexvirus
USA only
Kansas
Korea
2022-11-22 19:11:49
Host and distribution information from ARS GRIN. Foxtail mosaic virus does not cause any economically important disease (FoMV-3). Only found to be seed transmitted in oats and only from artificiallly inoculated plants in the laboratory FoMV-2).
In nature, restricted to Setaria viridis and Seteria italica (millet) . Artificial inoculations in the laboratory include many poaceae grasses and grains. No references found indicating that Foxtail mosaic virus infects grains and cultivated grasses in nature.
No
FoMV-1,FoMV-2,FoMV-3,FoMV-4,
Pathway not proven. Seed transmission in oat only with artificially inoculated plants in the laboratory (FoMV-2) No evidence that seed is a pathway in nature. Not known to be a host in nature.
FoMV-1,FoMV-2,FoMV-3,FoMV-4,
Foxtail mosaic virus. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Paulsen, AQ, and Niblett CL. 1977. Purification and properties of foxtail mosaic virus. Phytopathology 67:1346-1351.
Short MN, 1983. Foxtail moasic virus Datasheet 264. Description of Plant Viruses; www.dvpweb.net.
Brunt, AA, Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, MJ, Gibbs, AJ, Watson, L. and Zurcher, EJ. (eds.). Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database, Version: 16th 1997. http://bio-mirror.im.ac.cn/mirrors/pvo/vide/refs.htm
Gibberella avenacea
fungus
Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium avenaceum f.sp. fabae, Fusarium avenaceum subsp. aywerte, Fusarium roseum var. avenaceum
Worldwide, primarily in temperate regions.
Widespread
Thailand
2022-11-22 19:27:52
One of many Fusaria, Gibberella's that may contaminate kernels.
Primarily a grain and clover pathogen with a wide host range.
Yes
GIBBAV-4,
The pathogen is commonly isolated from seed, though seed transmission is unclear. Inoculum from field sources is more important in disease development.
GIBBAV-4,
GIBBAV-5,GIBBAV-8,
A blotter test has been described for corn (NSHS, USDA).
Seed fungicides
GIBBAV-1,
Common seed fungicides have been effective.
Richardson MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
Seed Health Testing Method for Fusarium Mz 7.1 National Seed Health System, 2019. www.seedhealth.org
Singh, D. V., Mathur, S. B. and Neergaard, P. 1974. Seed health testing of maize. Evaluation of testing techniques with particular reference to Drechslera maydis. Seed Sci. Technol. 2:349-365.
Gibberella avenacea In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Chloris striate mosaic virus
virus
Chloris striate mosaic monogeminivirus, Chloris striate mosaic geminivirus, Chloris striate mosaic intergeminivirus, Wheat (Australian) striate mosaic virus
Australia
Not known to occur
Thailand
2021-04-08 16:24:28
Leafhoppoer transmission only. No evidence that seed is a pathway for this virus.
poaceae grasses, wheat, oat, barley, corn
No
CSMV00-1,
No evidence that seed is a pathway.
CSMV00-1,
Franki and Hatta, 1980. Chloris striate mosaic virus Datasheet 221. Description of Plant Viruses; www.dvpweb.net.
Pyrenophora teres
fungus
Drechslera teres, Helminthosporium hordei, Helminthosporium teres, Pleospora teres, Pyrenophora teres f. sp. teres
Worldwide
AK, ID, ND
Thailand
2021-04-27 15:59:33
barley, wheat, oat, corn, wild grasses
No
No references found indicating seed is a pathway. Oat is a minor host for this pathogen. Only barley seed is known to be a pathway.
Pyricularia setariae
fungus
Pyricularia grisea f. sp. eleusines
Tanzania, Uganda, China, India, Japan, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Canada, Taiwan, South Africa
Not known to occur
Thailand
2021-04-27 16:08:52
Primarily a pathogen of millets. Some reports of seed infection by this pathogen in millets. Seed transmission is not known to occur (PYRISE-2) No reports of seed being a pathway for corn or small grains.
finger millet, foxtail millet, pearl millet. Reported on oat, barley, corn
No
No references found indicating oat seed is a pathway for this pathogen. Oat is a minor host of the pathogen.
Cochliobolus victoriae
fungus
Bipolaris victoriae, Drechslera victoriae, Helminthosporium victoriae
Zambia, Zimbabwe, India, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Ireland, Scotland, Netherlands, Switzerland, UK, Canada, Australia, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Kenya,
Eastern, Southeastern, Midwest and High plain states
Korea
2021-04-08 16:39:09
Victoria oats. Reported on rice, corn, barley, wheat and several grasses
Yes
COCHVI-1,COCHVI-2,
This pathogen is mainly found on cultivars with Victoria parentage in oats. Although data from experimentation regarding the seed pathway is from the 1940's it appears that the seed is a pathway for Victoria oats.
COCHVI-1,COCHVI-2,
Seed treatments and disinfectant.
COCHVI-3,
Cochliobolus victoriae In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Richardson MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
Buchenau, GW., 1960. Etiology and epiphytology of Victoria blight of oats. Thesis, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
Pyrenophora tritici-repentis
fungus
Drechslera tritici-repentis, Drechslera tritici-vulgaris, Helminthosporium gramineum f.sp. tritici-repentis, Helminthosporium tritici-repentis, Helminthosporium tritici-vulgaris, Pleospora culmorum, Pleospora sarcosystis, Pleospora trichostoma, Pleospora trichostoma f.sp. tritici-repentis, Pyrenophora sarcocystis, Pyrenophora trichostoma, Pyrenophora tritici-vulgaris, Pleospora tritici-repentis
Worldwide
Widespread
Korea
2021-04-27 16:05:34
wheat, barley, rye, triticale, oat, corn
No
No references found indicating seed is a pathway. There are only two reports that oat is a host for this pathogen (USDA ARS)
Sclerophthora macrospora
fungus
Phytophthora macrospora, Phytophthora oryzae, Sclerospora macrospora, Sclerospora oryzae, Nozemia macrospora, Sclerospora kriegeriana
Worldwide
AZ, AR, FL, IL, LA, MS, ND, RI, TN, TX
Thailand
2023-08-21 16:53:05
corn, rice, oat, barley, rye, sorghum, sugarcane
No
SCPHMA-4,
Although this reference indicates oat seed is a pathway, no references with experimental data were found. This fungus appears to be a minor problem in oat.
SCPHMA-4,
Richardson MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
Exserohilum pedicellatum
fungus
Helminthosporium pedicellatum, Setosphaeria pedicellata, Trichometasphaeria pedicellatum, Bipolaris pedicellata, Drechslera pedicellata
Poland , South Africa, Australia, Egypt, India, Pakistan, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Australia, Iraq, Brazil
CA, HI, IA, MS, NY, OH, TX, MN
Korea
2022-11-22 19:09:26
Korea lists this pathogen as Setosphaeria pedicellata
wheat, corn , barley, rice, oat
No
TRMSPE-1,
Pathway not proven. Reference cites one publication from Brazil where the pathogen was found on seed. No other data presented. The pathogenicity on oat is also unknown.
TRMSPE-1,
Richardson MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-borne Disease. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
Gibberella zeae
fungus
Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium roseum, Fusarium roseum f.sp. cerealis, Fusarium roseum var. graminearum, Gibbera saubinettii, Gibberella saubinetii, Sphaeria zeae Schwein.
Worldwide
Widespread
Thailand
2022-11-22 19:31:42
One of many Fusariium spp. and Gibberella spp. that may contaminate kernels.
Primarily a cereal grain pathogen with a wide host range.
No
GIBBZE-15,GIBBZE-17,
Pathway not proven. Grain can be infected by this pathogen and recovered from samples. However, evidence is circumstantial that seed is pathway for field infections. Grain is affected by the mycotoxins.
GIBBZE-15,GIBBZE-17,
Culture plating and blotter incubation have been described for corn (NSHS USDA)
Fungicide seed treatments have been described for corn and wheat (GIBBZE-1).
Clear RM, Patrick SK, Platford RG and Desjardins M. 1996. Occurrence and distribution of Fusarium species in barley and oat seed from Manitoba in 1993 and 1994. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 18:409-414
Richardson, MJ. 1970. Gibberella zeae on Oats in Scotland, 1967–1969. Plant Pathology 19:104-106
Oculimacula yallundae
fungus
Tapesia yallundae, Tapesia yallundae var. yallundae, Cercosporella herpotrichoides, Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, Helgardia herpotrichoides, Ramulispora herpotrichoides var. herpotrichoides, Ramulispora herpotrichoides, Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides var. herpotrichoides
Africa, China, Japan, Europe, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Chile
ID, NY, OR, WA, MT, MI
Korea
2021-04-12 18:24:25
Korea lists this pathogen as Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides
wheat, rye, barley, oat
No
PSDCHE-1,
Seed is not known to be a pathway
PSDCHE-1,
Oculimacula yallundae, In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Dilophospora alopecuri
fungus
Dilophospora graminis, Dilophospora holci, Sphaeria alopecuri, Lidophia graminis
Asia, Europe, Oceania
Widespread
Korea
2021-04-13 18:51:01
Fungus is associated with Aguina nematode seed galls, but not associated with seeds. Sporatically found in US states.
barley, wheat, oat, rye
Pathway not proven
RICH ISTA,
Though reported once that the fungus may be independent of the Anguina nematode seed galls, this fungus is usually associated with seed galls.
RICH ISTA,
Removing nematode seed galls prevents issues with the disease caused by this pathogen.
Richardson, MJ. 1990. An Annotated List of Seedborne Diseases. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich Switzerland.
Meloidogyne naasi
nematode
Libya, Iran, Belgium, Czechia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Serbia, England, Wales, Canada, New Zealand, Argentina, Chile
CA, IL, KS, KY, MD, MI, NV, NC, OR, SC, UT, WA
Korea
2023-08-21 16:19:50
Seed is not known to be a pathway for Meloidogyne spp. root knot nematodes (MELGNA-2)
barley, wheat, rice, oat, rye, sorghum, grasses
No
MELGNA-2,
Seed is not known to be a pathway for Meloidogyne spp. root knot nematodes
MELGNA-2,
Crop Rotation
MELGNA-3,MELGNA-4,
Lammers, W., Karssen, G., Jellema, P., Baker, R., Hockland, S., Fleming, C. and Turner, S. (2006). Meloidogyne minor Pest Risk Assessment. 08-14648 PPM Point 7.3. Plant Protection Services (NL) and Central Science Laboratory (UK). 52pp. (https://www.eppo.int...)
Allen, MW, Hart WH, and Baghott, K. 1970. Crop rotation controls barley root-knot nematode at Tulelake. Calif. Agr. 24:4-5.
Michell, RE, Malek RB, Taylor DP, and Edwards DI. 1973. Races of the barley root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne naasi. I. Characterization by host preference. J. Nematol. 5:41-44
Pseudomonas syringae pv. striafaciens
bacterium
Bacterium striafaciens, Chlorobacter striafaciens,Phytomonas striafaciens, Pseudomonas striafaciens
South Africa, Zimbabwe, North Korea, South Korea, Japan, Germany, USSR, North America, Australia, Argentina, Colombia
Unknown
Thailand
2021-04-26 21:15:28
This pathogen is most likely the same as Pseudomonas syringae pv. coronafaciens. (PSDMST-2). There is no reports that seed is a pathway for this strain or pv. coronafaciens (ASTA PeDS). See coronafaciens for information pertaining to oat and barley. There is no evidence that seed is a pathway for this pathogen.
oat, barley, corn
Pathway not proven
No references found indicating that seed is a pathway for this pathovar. See Pseudomonas syringae pv. coronafaciens for more information.
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