Pennisetum spp.
pearl millet
2 Related Pests
Bipolaris sacchari
fungus
Drechslera sacchari, Helminthosporium sacchari,Helminthosporium ocellum, Cercospora sacchari,Bipolaris stenospila, Helminthosporium stenospilum,Drechslera stenospila, Bipolaris ocella, Helminthosporium ocellum, Drechslera ocella
Worldwide, especially in tropic and subtropic regions
AL, FL, GA, HI, LA, MD
Korea
2022-10-09 00:36:00
sugarcane, millet
No
DRECSA-3,DRECSA-1,DRECSA-8,
Pathway not proven. Although Ingle and Raut (DRESCA-3), claim to have isolated Biipolaris sacchari from millet seed in India and Richardson (DRESCA-8), cites one study from 1954, there are no other references indicating that this fungus is a pathogen of millet in nature or is found on seed. It is unknown whether these seeds were cleaned or conditioned as a seed crop. This pathogen is of low economic importance.
DRECSA-3,DRECSA-1,DRECSA-8,
Ingle RW; Raut JG, 1993. Fungi associated with glume and seed in pearl millet at different seed development stages. Seed Research, 21:131-132
Bipolaris sacchari In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Richardson, MJ, 1990. An Annotated List of Seedborne Diseases. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland
Moesziomyces bullatus
fungus
Sorosporium bullatum,Tolypoderma bullata, Tolyposporium bullatum, Tolyposporium evernium, Moesziomyces evernius, Tolyposporium minus, Tolyposporium paspali, Tolyposporium penicillariae, Moesziomyces penicillariae, Tolyposporium senegalense, Sorosporium senegalense, Ustilago verrucosa
Africa, Asia, India,Germany, Poland, Romania, Australia, Canada, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Japan, New Zealand, Spain, Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Taiwan, Italy, Bulgaria, Mexico
Northeast, Midwest, CA
Korea
2022-12-01 18:38:37
Korea lists this pathogen as Tolyposporidium penicillariae. Pearl millet most common host and seed pathway has been verified for only pearl millet.
millets with male sterility (MOESBU-5)
Yes
MOESBU-4,MOESBU-6,
Spores may be transmitted to soil by planting seed infested with teliospore balls. The pathogen is not internally seedborne. Sori are primarily associated with seed lots and replace seeds in spikes. Varieties with male sterile cytoplasma are more susceptible.
MOESBU-4,MOESBU-6,
Visual examination
MOESBU-1,MOESBU-3,
This test has not been validated or standardized.
Cleaning seed lots and resistant varieties most effective.
MOESBU-1,
Seed treatments have not been effective.
Wells HD, Burton GW and Ourecky DK, 1963. Tolyposporium smut, a new disease on pearl millet, Pennisetum glaucum, in the United States. Plant Disease Reporter, 47:16-19
Yadav MS and Duhan JC, 2000. Health status of pearl millet seeds of different government agencies in Haryana. Seed Research, 28:104-105
Moesziomyces bullatus. In: Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/cpc.
Chahal SS, Thakur RP, and Mathur SB, 1994. Seed-borne diseases and seed health testing of pearl millet. Copenhagen, Denmark: Danish Government Institute of Seed Pathology for Developing Countries, 72 pp
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